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Addiction (Definitions (Substance use (smoking, snorting, swallowing,…
Addiction
Definitions
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Substance abuse
Improper use of drugs: excessive, irresponsible or self-damaging
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Dependency
Compulsive drug use and the associated psychological and physiological dimensions... behavioural focus i.e. difficulty to control behaviour due to compulsion
Wider range of drugs e.g. tobacco, cannabis... Alternative to 'addiction' and 'habituation'
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Tolerance
the physical aspect whereby the body adjusts to drugs and requires a higher dosage to achieve the desired effect
Withdrawal
a syndrome occurring when blood or tissue concentrations of a substance decline after an elongated period of usage
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History
Drug use as medicine, mood alteration and ritual purposes is age old
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Medicinal e.g. Poppy plant used as a remedy for crying children to sedate them -> actually opium substance
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20th century prohibitions , Coffee in Islamic countries - traditionally leaf chewed to diminish fatigue in miners
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SUD Diagnosis
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other, non-DSM addictions include
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Understanding SUDs
Models
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Enlightenment
Person is held responsible for the development of the addiction but is incapable of changing without help from a 'higher power' - God
Common Liability Model
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Addiction is one possible outcome of many caused by the same (unknown) underlying issue... others include delinquent behaviour like stealing
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SUD Etiology
Prevalence: drug use
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Drug Abuse
1.4% adults dependent on alcohol, esp 25-55 males
32-37% women hazardous drinking habits, 4% dependent
lesbian and bisexual higher prevalence but this difference was only found in the US study and not in the UK replication
If there is one underlying cause for all manifestations of addiction, is only one diagnosis necessary?