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C1: Key concepts in Chemistry (Relative charges (Electrons charge is 1-,…
C1: Key concepts in Chemistry
Atomic Strucure
Atoms are tiny particles of matter which make up everything in the universe.
At the start of the 19th century John Dalton described atoms as solid spheres, and said that different spheres made up the different elements.
Protons and neutrons are subatomic particles in the nucleus
Relative charges
Electrons charge is 1-
Neutrons charge is 0
Protons charge is 1+
Daltons model
It changed over time because sub-atomic particles were discovered
Electrons are found on the outer shell of the atom
Relative masses
Protons relative mass 1
Electrons relative mass 1/1835
Neutrons relative mass 1
Most of the atoms mass is found in the nucleus
An isotope is are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
Mendeleev used the properties of elements and their compounds to make his periodic table
Mendeleev arranged the elements in terms of increasing atomic mass
Ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons
An Ion is an atom with a positive or negative charge
Ionic compounds only conduct electricity when molten or dissolved, not solid