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Natural language Processing (History (1970s-1983s (Probabilistic methods…
Natural language Processing
Aspects of Language
Phonology
This level is applied only if the text origin is a speech
Morphology
Deals with understanding distinct words according to their morphemes
Lexical
Deals with understanding everything about distinct words according to their position in the speech
History
1970s-1983s
Probabilistic methods for early speech recognition
Discourse modeling
1983s-1993s
Finite state models
1950s-1970s
Use of formal grammars as basics for formal language processing
Use of logic and logic based programming
1993s-present
Strong integration of different techniques, different areas
1940s-1950s
Development of formal language theory
Probabilities and information theory
Introduction
NLP is a way for computers to analyze, understand, and derive meaning from human language
NLP algorithms are typically based on machine learning algorithms
NLP is a field of study that focuses on the interactions between human language and computers
NLP sits at the intersection of computer science, artificial intelligence, and computational linguistics
Challanges
Ambiguity
Syntax Level ambiguity
Referential ambiguity
Lexical ambiguity
Lexical semantics
Polysemy
Word sense disambiguation
Related Science
Computer Science
concerned with developing internal representations of data and efficient processing of these structures
Cognitive Psychology
looks at language usage as a window into human cognitive processes
Linguistics
focuses on formal, structural models of language
Achievements
Sentiment Analysis
Translation
Information Extraction
stages
Semantic Analysis
Discourse Integration
Syntactic Analysis
Pragmatic Analysis
Lexical Analysis
approaches for performing NLP
Statistical Approach
Statistical approaches employ various mathematical techniques
Connectionist Approach
connectionist representations allow transformation, inference, and manipulation of logic formulae
Symbolic Approach
Symbolic approaches perform deep analysis of linguistic phenomena