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BIOL 440 Exam 3 (Innate Immunity (CH 15) (1st Line of Defense (Skin,…

- - - - PHAGOCYTOSIS (cell eating) STEPS:
        
        chemotaxis (chemical movement)
        
        attachment
        
        formation of a phagosome
        
        formation of a phagolysosome/digestions
        
        release
        
        ALL Phagocytes are white blood cells, NOT all white blood cells are phagocytes!
- - - - LYTIC: virus destroys 99.9% of the cell
        
        LYTIC CYCLE STEPS:
        
        Attachment
        
        Entry of phage DNA & degradation of host DNA
        
        Synthesis of viral genomes and proteins
        
        Assembly
        
        Release
      - LYSOGENY: virus may or may not destroy the cell
        
        LYSOGENIC CYCLE:
        --Absorption to target cell
        --Injection of Lambda DNA
        --Lambda DNA cicularises
        --Integration of Gamma DNA
        --Prophage replication with host
        --Biosynthesis
        
        Lysogenic bacteriophages are responsible for the transduction of bacterial cells
- - - - Origination: Bone Marrow Maturation: Thymus
      - CANNOT make antibodies
      - Involved in Cell Mediated Immunity (CMI)
      - Th (T helper cells)
        Tc (T cytotoxic cells)
    - - Origination/Maturation:Bone marrow
      - Produces antibodies
      - Only 1 functional form
      - Involved in humoral immunity (HI)
        
        protection in body fluids, helps fight off extracellular infections
      - Memory? YES
- - - - Targets making of peptidoglycans
        (ie. Penincillin & Cephalosporins)
    - - Targets ribosome 30s &50s (Prokaryotes)
        bacteria may still be alive, but become useless
        from not being able to synthesize proteins
    - - Interferes the synthesis of fatty acid
        (ie. Polymyxins, Amphotericin B)
    - - May block synthesis of nucleic acid,
        inhibit replication, or stop transcription
    - - Competitive inhibition
        (ie. Sulfa drugs) bacteriostatic + Broad Spectrum