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Who invented the telescopes? D128 (Famous telescopes (Kepler telescope…
Who invented the telescopes? D128
The telescope is one of humankind's most important inventions
The simple device that made far away things look near gave observers a new perspective
When curious men pointed the spyglass toward the sky, our view of Earth and our place in the universe changed forever
But who invented the telescope?
The answer remains a mystery today
It was probably inevitable that as glassmaking and lens-grinding techniques improved in the the late 1500s, someone would hold up to lenses and discovered what the could do
The first person to apply for patent for a telescope was a dutch eyeglass maker named Hans Lippershey (or Lipperhey)
In 1608, Lippershey laid claim to a device that could magnify objects three times
His telescope had a concave eyepiece aligned with a convex objective lens
One story goes that he got the idea for his design after observing two children in his shop holding up two lenses hat made a distant weather vane appear close
Others charged at the time that he stole from another eyeglass maker, Zacharias Jansen
Jansen and Lippershey lived in the same town both worked on making optical instruments
Scholars generally argue, however, that there is no evidence that Lippershey did not develop his telescope independently
Lippershey, therefore, gets that credit for the telescope, because of the patent application, while Jansen is credited with inventing the compound micrsciope
Both appear to have contributed to the development of both instruments
Compounding the confusion, yet another Dutchman, Jacob Metius, applied for a patent for a telescope a few weeks after Lippershey
The government of the Netherlands eventually turned down both applications because of the counterclaims
Also, officials said, the device was easy to reproduced, making it difficult to patent
In the end, Metius got a small reward, but the government paid Lippersgey a handsome fee to make copies of his telescope
Famous telescopes
Hubble Space Telescope
This telescope launched 1990
Some of Hubble's major contributions include determining the age of the universe with more precision, find more moons near Pluto, doing observations of galaxies in the young universe, monitoring space weather on the outer planets, and even observing exoplanets -- a situation not anticipated for the telescope as the first major exoplanet discoveries didn't happen until the mid-1990s
James Webb Space Telescope
This is the successor to Hubble, and its launch date has been delayed several times be parked far from Earth and out of reach of repair crews
Its science will look at four major themes:
The universe's first light
How the first galaxies were formed
How stars are formed
Looking at the origins of life
Kepler telescope
This planet-hunting machine has found more than 4,000 potential planets since first launching in 2009
It focused on a section of the Cygnus constellation, but in 2013 problems with pointing consistently created a new mission in which Kepler moveds between different regions of the sk
One of Kepler''s major contributes is finding more super-Earths and rocky planets, which are harder to spot new bright stars
Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)
This telescope in Chile has 66 receivers and its specialty is looking through the dust in young planetary systems (or through dusty stars and galaxies0 to see how cosmic objects are formed
It was fully operational as of 2013
ALMA is unique in its sensitivity because it has so many receivers available
Arecibo Observatory
This observatory has been operating since 1963, and is famous for many radio astronomy studies
The Puerto Rican telescope is also known for a message called the Arecibo message that was directed at the globular cluster M13 in 1974
The observatory was damaged during a 2017 hurricane that devastated Puerto Rica
In popular culture, Arecibo was also the location of the climax of the 1995 James Bond film ''Goldeneye'', and it appeared in the 1997 movie ''Contact''
Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array
This is a set of 27 telescopes located in the New Mexico desert
Construction began on the VLA in 1973. Some of the VLA's major discoveries include finding ice on Mercury, peering into the dusty center of the Milky Way, and looking at the formation of black holes
The telescope array also was prominently featured in the 1997 movie "Contact" as the site where a purported extraterrestrial signal arrived
W.M. Keck Ovservatory
The twin telescope at the W.M. Keck Observatory in Hawaii are the largest optical and infrared telescope available
The telescopes started their work in 1993 and 1996
Some of their major discoveries including finding the first exoplanet ''transiting'' across its parent star, and learning about star movements in the nearby Andromeda Galaxy
Palomar Observatory
The telescope is best known for discovering the small worlds Quaoar, Sedna and Eris in the Kuiper Belt, but its work also includes discovering supernovas (star explosions), tracking asteroids and looking at gamma-ray bursts
The Palomar Observatory, located in San Diego County, Calif, began work in 1949