Proteins

Proteins are vital structures and working material of all living things.

Examples antobodies

Some are working proteins.

Some are structural proteins

Examples: muscles, tendons, ligaments

General Information

About 16% of our body weight

smallest units are called amino acids.

Also known as building blocks of protein.

Energy= 4 cal/g

Contains which elements?

Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, nitrogen.

Recycled by the body so, need less in amts. Compared to other macronutrients.

All amino acids have the same structure except for the "R" group which varies.

How many amino acids

In humans= 20 amino acids

In nature= Over 150 have been found in... plants, animals, fungus, single- celled organisms

Protein denaturation (Complex to simple)

In our 20 amino acids

nonessential

our bod can make from other amino acids

12

2 amino acids= dipeptide

Essential

Need to consume!!

8 EAA

If toddler or younger... 9 essentials

More than 2 amino acids= Polypeptide

Proteins in food

Complete protein

contains all 8 EAA

Most come from animal sources

Incomplete prtein

Are short 1 or more EAA

Come from plant sources

Can combine foods to make complete, known as complementary sources.

Examples: chickpeas and sesame, PB, Beans, rice

Describe the difference between complete and incomplete proteins.

Incomplete missing 1 or more essential AA's

Proteins

Body functions

Amino acids

Regulating

Structual

essential

Nonessntial

1st primary amino acids 151d03f50cd6a9abae6df2e8ce91b00971662aad

Second download

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71225d815cafcc09102504abdf4e10927283be98

chewing, hydrochloric acid (in stomach), mixing + hormones in intestines, Enzymes, Marinades (acid + alcohol), heat, fire, mixing + cutting pounding.