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The development gap will always exist despite efforts to close it (Claim 1…
The development gap will always exist despite efforts to close it
Claim 1
Simple development projects can help to close the development gap in countries
Tanzania
Before the water communities were formed
water in Tanzania was precious.
More than 50% of Tanzanians had little to no access to safe drinking water.
They only had dams, water holes and streams
This led to illness', contaminated and dirty water
Women and children would collect water daily, walking up to 10km each day.
Children are not attending school because they have to go collect water for their families
After the water communities were formed
16,000 people in Tanzania had access to clean water
Construction, number of water tanks, store water was pumped from a reservoir.
No one has to walk more than 500m to collect water
Improved lives: - less/no exhaustion - improved drinking, washing, cleaning and cooking water
Can improve income, grow vegetable gardens - better diets, they can sell what they don't eat
With there being more plants because they have water to grow, there is no more erosion
Improved toilet facilities and increases regular bathing/ washing which reduces the risk of disease and illness.
Increased attendance at school as children don't have to waste time collecting water
Students are more focused
Increased/ better education
Supports:
Tanzania
Organisations such as Caritas that work with local communities to help them get better access to safe drinking water.
All the villages form a 'water community', a group of members of the community who do the decision making on behalf of their village.
These groups have both men and women, so it encourages gender equality among the community, as women are seen as valuable because they have a job and major role in the community.
The communities are trained on the safety and general ongoing maintenance of the water container.
Caritas provides the resources
The village and communities do the building]
Villages and communities then have access to safe drinking water. Storage tanks, pipes, taps.
Indigenous Australia
Supports:
Services/ programs such as link up, which started in 1999, provide services to reconnect people who were a part of the stolen generation with their families.
They provide financial support, reunion services, and the reconnection of families.
They also provide counsellors that provide relief for clients who are struggling with the grief of there being the possibility of the not being enough records to find families.
They have case workers who work with the clients and do the research into a clients family history and records. They look for birth certificates, family births/ deaths/ marriages, records in institutions/ universities/ schools.
They work with 1st, 2nd, 3rd generation members of the stolen generation at link up.
History:
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were removed from their families from pretty much the first day of European settlement
Governments tried to 'civilise and train' them into becoming a part of the stolen generation.
children were often stolen in hospitals and mothers were told that their child had passed away or was very sick and would have to stay there.
Children grew up thinking that they didnt have any parents or that their parents didn't want them.
Children were taken to foster homes and new families, and were raised to not ask about their original, indigenous families, which can now bring a great deal of shame when not knowing about their family, or where they were from.
Organisations such as 'Link Up'
Link up gets people coming to them, but they are now able to go to schools and communities to try and explain about link up and to hopefully find more clients that they can help out.
Pretty much, the only other way that people would know or find out about link up is by word of mouth.
Some people who go to link up as clients don't actually know if they are aboriginal or Torres Strait islander.
Kerala, India
Supports:
-
Claim 2
Cultural beliefs and customs in some countries are one of the reasons why the development gap exists
India
Culture definition:
The total of the inherited ideas, beliefs, values, knowledge which constitute the shared basis of social action.
Supports:
Indian cultural beliefs deem women to be of less value than men.
Boys are generally of more preference due to these beliefs.
Girls are often discarded as they are not seen as being of value to their family.
This is probably because of the Indian custom and belief that when a bride marries, her family has to pay the husbands family a
Dowry
, which is giving them gifts or goods for 'taking their daughter in'. This is because it is seen that the bride is now a part of the husband's family, so the husband's family is doing the bride's family a favour by taking in their daughter.
Men are easily able to divorce their wife if they want to.
There is often cases of infranticide, where a mother will kill her daughter when she is born, or as a baby.
India's Hindi Belt and gender inequality
Education in India's Hindi Belt is lacking due to issues with gender equality.
Due to India's cultural beliefs that deem females to be of less value than males, a large number of girls do not finish their schooling education.
At the age of 12, they are considered a woman, which means that they are often forced to discontinue schooling.
Girls this age are often married off to an older man, and are having children before they are ready to which can cause a number of health issues and concerns.
They have a high poverty rate (289)
High fertility rate (2.9 per woman)
Low female literacy rates (50.8%)
Low life expectancy (69.1 years)
Claim 3
text
Indigenous Australians
Claim 2
Political history can affect the way a country develops and can cause a development gap
Democratic Republic of Congo
Supports:
The DR of Congo had an extensive source of natural resources.
Congo's uranium and copper were used as weapons (bombs and shells) in WW1 and WW2.
The Portuguese realised the country's wealth in natural and human resources (slaves) and took advantage of it.
The Portuguese killed the country's leaders which created anarchy.
In the 1800's, Belgium invaded and took natural resources, minerals (rubber and uranium).
They gave no education to DR Congo, which stopped development, and killed any resistance towards their governing.
Later Belgium left DR Congo, and in 1960, Congo got independence.
DR Congo had no one to run the country as no one had been educated.
A government could not be formed to start or build the economy, or start government/ public help or safety services (police force, education, healthcare).
Mobutu became DR Congo's leader which brought down the country's development immensely.
He misused funds which could have been spent on the country and its economy, but were instead spent on him and his family.
he also intentionally kept the country in very low development in order to get loans from international countries.
Congo is still having to repay these loans which is keeping them in a low level of development as they are unable to use the money that they are making, on rebuilding their development and economy.
Discuss whether the development gap will always exist
AGAINST
FOR