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AIMA: Ch1 Introduction (History (Early Enthusiasm (1952-1969) (McCarthy,…
AIMA: Ch1
Introduction
What is AI?
(4 approaches)
Think Humanly
Decision making
Problem Solving
Learning
model human
cognition
Think Rationally
Perceive
Reason
Act
Act
Humanly
Make computers do what human does better now.
Natural Language
Processing
communicate
Knowledge Representation
store what it knows
Automated Reasoning
draw new conclusion
Machine
Learning
adapt, extrapolate patterns
Computer
Vision
Robotics
Act Rationally
intelligent
agents
Foundations
Philosophy
Mathematics
Economics
Decision Theory
Neuroscience
How do
brains work?
Psychology
How do human
act and think?
Computer
Engineering
Efficient
Computer
History
Gestation
(1943-1955)
artificial neuron
(1943 MucCulloch and Pitts)
Hebbian Learning
(1949)
neural network
computer
(1950 Minsky and Edmonds)
universal computation
in neural network
(Minsky)
Computing Machinery
and Intelligence
(1950 Turing)
Birth(1956)
Dartmouth Workshop
(1956)
McCarthy, Minsky, Shannon
Newell and Simon:
Logic Theorist
Separate Field
Early Enthusiasm
(1952-1969)
CMU:
Newell and Simon
physical symbol system
hypothesis
General Problem Solver
think humanly approach
IBM
Geometry Theorem Prover
game player
McCarthy
Lisp
Programs with Common Sense
Representation & Reasoning
Advice Taker
Minsky
Microworlds
Neural Networks
Week methods
General but simple
Dose of Reality
(1966-1973)
Lack subject knowledge
Intractability
Illusion of unlimited
computing power
Limitation of models
Knowledge-based
Systems
(1969-1979)
domain-specific
larger reasoning steps
Become an
Industry (1980-)
Neural Networks
Return (1986-)
Adopts
Scientific methods(1987-)
Intelligent Agents(1995-)
whole agent
Large Data Set
Availability(2001-)