POLC
PLANNING
The process of defining the organisation's goals, establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals and developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities
Controlling
Types of organisations
Organic
Leading
A leader is someone who can influence who may or may not possess managerial authority.
The process of monitoring, comparing and
correcting work performance
Employee empowerment - encourages managers to delegate
Cross functional teams
Cross hierarchical teams
Free flow of info
Wide spans of control
Informal & Formal
Low formalisation
Leadership is the process of influencing a group to achieve goals.
Decentralised
Elements
Mechanistic
GOALS
Desired outcomes for individuals, groups or entire organisations
Protects the organisation and its assets
High specialisation
Rigid departmentalisation
PLANS
Strategies outlining how goals are to be accomplished and how resources are to be allocated
Measuring: A combination of approaches (i.e. personal
observation, statistical reports, oral reports,
and written reports) increases both the
number of input sources and the probability
of getting reliable information
Ideally all managers should be leaders.
High chain of command
Narrow spans of control
High formalisaiton
What is measured is more important than how we measure in the control process
Centralised
Leadership Theories
Control process: comparing and taking managerial action to correct performance as well as revising the standard (goal may be too high or too low)
Trait Theories:
Notion that leaders are born and cannot be trained
e.g. financial, environmental, social
Behavioural Theories:
Organising
Arranging and structuring work to accomplish the organisation’s goals
The process of creating an organisation’s structure - the formal arrangement of jobs within an organisation
e.g. strategies, tactics
Elements of organising
Leadership is more than possessing few generic traits
Work specialisation
Departmentalisation
Chain of Command
Span of Control
Leaders are not born, but trained
Centralisation/de-centralisation
Formalisation
Contingency Theories:
Effective leadership requires more than an understanding of traits and behaviours
Ability to 'read' and 'adapt' to situational circumstances is important