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PE-Paper-2. 3.1-4.1 (Topic 3.1 (Factors to improve participation…

- - - - 14+ years
        
        Age at which trend for lifelong healthy exercise is often set
      - 16-24 years
        
        Sets lifelong habits and improves health and well-being in adulthood. Decreasing participation rates since 2005(54.7% participate in a sport for once a week 30 mins or more)
      - 24 years+
        
        Likely to be fitter and healthier adults. Minority of the population. 40.1% men participate in moderate intensity exercise. 30.5% Women participate in moderate intensity exercise
- - - - We cant help it, its an intrinsic response. When luis suarez was racist it sparked Patrice evra to be violent.
      - We get frustrated A tennis player throwing his racket after loosing a match
      - We copy others A role model giving a bad example to young supporters by being violent, young supporters may copy this and it may get brought up the generations
      - We simply get angry A natural response to gamesmanship, as if someone is diving trying to get you sent off
  - - - Some influenced by peers
      - Influenced by competitive coaches
      - Drugs are often used to enhance performance
      - "others are taking them, why cant I?"
    - - To build muscle
      - Increased acne, increased chance of heart attack or stroke.
      - Justin Gatlin- banned for 4 years, used testosterone
    - - Improves hand eye coordination. Helps combat nerves and anxiety
      - Weakness, headaches, upset stomach
      - Kim Jung-su(Shooter) double medallist expelled for use of beta blockers
    - - Such as cocaine, nicotine, caffeine
      - To increase heart rate+blood pressure. Improves endurance reduces fatigue.
      - Addiction, irregular heart beat, high blood pressure.
      - Tyson Gay, ex Olympic sprinter
- - - - commercialisation(top of triangle)
      - media (bottom right hand)
      - sport (left hand of triangle)
      - Each part of triangle benefits from each other, either financially or for promotion.Sport uses media to gain viewers and businesses pay money to access a sports audience.
    - - competition formats have changed.20/20 cricket is shorter and more exciting.
      - match timings have been altered to suit television.Tradition was saturdayafternoon football,now football is televised nearly all week.
      - breaks ideal in sport,allows adverts
  - - - provide more fund via advertising or sponsorship
      - make it exciting/interesting more attractive for people to participate
      - provides a "shop window" (helps promote) businesses and products in sport
      - influences rules/times of play to make sport more accessible
    - - can assert too much control over sport
      - only some (mainly male) sports benefit
      - can over sensationalise the negative aspects of sport
      - under representation of minority groups including those with disabilities
  - - - role models
      - fasionable
    - - clothing and equipment
        
        teams usually have a shirt sponsor and often individual players will get deals for footwear. Companies will often sponsor a player's equipment.
      - competitions
        
        some companies will sponsor a competition/event/league so their name or logo appears on all relating products.
      - facilities(stadiums and grounds)
        
        new stands or grounds often named after sponsor
      - transport
        
        companies offer free transport/accommodation to big teams so people see them using their company.
      - finance
        
        wealthy individuals/companies often buy successful teams and clubs so their name is associated with them.
        
        eg-RB Leipzig-german football team
    - - often pay for competitions
      - promotes development of new athletes
      - provides money for athletes to be full time
      - sponsors get extra advertising
      - sponsors get an attractive image
      - sponsors can benefit from tax concessions
    - - narrow range of sports attract sponsors
      - advertising some products in sport is not advisable eg tobacco
      - companies only sponsor successful athletes-so some struggle to get financial help
      - sponsorship deals are fragile, contract can be terminated if player loss form or becomes infared.
- - - - Pre-determined
        
        A diver will know her routine before she starts the event
      - Co-ordinated
        
        Volleyball player can jump and spike successfully
      - Efficiency
        
        No waste of energy when hitting a ball in cricket
      - Fluent
        
        The rugby player picks up the ball and passes in one flowing movement
      - Aesthetic
        
        Gymnast performs the routine correctly, it looks good.
  - - - An action or task that has a target or goal that requires voluntary body and/or limb movement to achieve this goal.
    - - A complex concept that involves interpretation of stimuli are perceived depends on experience and attention ability
    - - Skills involving intellectual ability of the performer. Skills affect the perceptual process and help us to make sense of what is required in the situation. They are essential if the performer is to make correct and effective decisions
  - - - Open skill
        
        Skill affected by the environment and requires the performer to make perceptual decisions
      - Closed skill
        
        Skill not affected at all by the enviroment
    - - Simple skill
        
        Skill is straight forward with hardly any judgements and decisions to be made it is known as a simple skill and can be taught as a whole in a fairly repetitive way.
      - Complex skill
        
        If there are many decisions to be made, then the skill is complex and may have to be learned in stages.