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Bacterial Pneumonia
G.J. (Nursing Inverventions (Encourage fluids…
Bacterial Pneumonia
G.J.
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Nursing Inverventions
- Encourage fluids (2000mL/day) unless contraindicated
- Incentive spirometer exercises 5-10 times q 1-2 hrs while awake. #
- Encourage frequent position changes, including lower extremity elevation to combat edema & turning every 2 hours. #
- Turn, cough, deep breath exercise every hour while awake.
- Assist with ambulation 2 times a day or as tolerated.
- Give PRN pain medication as necessary for comfort. #
- Provide oral care every four hours
- Provide medications & oxygen therapy per doctor's orders.
- Implement necessary droplet precautions for staff & guests #
- Educate patient of risks and manegment for pneumonia
- Assist with range of motion exercises three times daily while awake. #
- Ensure adequate nutrition to encourage healing, i.e. increased protein, vitamin A, and vitamin C #
- Keep head of bed elevated >30 degrees except when sleeping
- Educate patient on how to expectorate mucus to help clear lung fields & ease breathing
- Encourage routine hand hygiene to avoid spread of infection
- Educate patient on pursed-lip breathing and relaxation techniques.
Outcomes
- The patient will maintain open airways as evidenced by the patient's ability to cough up secretions throughout hospital stay. #
- The patient will verbally indicate feeling comfortable when breathing by end of stay as evidenced by patient report. #
- The patient will have normal WBC and lungs will be cleared as evidenced by lab results and lung assessment by end of stay. #
- The patient will ambulate 15 meters 2 times/day or as tolerated for duration of stay as evidenced by chart notes & physical therapy report. # #
Secondary Diagnoses
Hypothyroidism (Porth, 2015). #
- Lack of TH negative feedback on pituitary TSH secretion & hypothalamic TRH secretion
- Low levels of TH & high levels of TSH & TRH
- Primary Thyroid Malfunction
Osteoarthritis (Porth, 2015). #
- Protease enzymes are produced & released
- Joint structures are destroyed & the smooth surface of cartilage is lost
- Chondrocyte response causes cytokines to be released.
- Cracks develop on the cartilage surface & subchondral bone is destroyed.
- Aging & mechanical stress #
- Joint structures are destroyed & osteophytes form.
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