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Ottomans (Suleiman (Known as "The Lawgiver" and "The…
Ottomans
Suleiman
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From late 14th century to early 17th century the Ottoman empire was a key player in European politics
Ottoman political system reached its classic form. All authority flowed from Sultan to his public servants: provincial governors, police officers, military generals, heads of treasuries and viziers
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Use of Slaves
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Slaves purchased from Spain, North Africa, and Venice; captured in battle
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Brightest 10% entered palace school where they learned to read and write Arabic, Ottoman Turkish and Persian in prep for administrative jobs.
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Selim
1514: Turned the Safavids back from Anatolia. Ottomans added Syria and Palestine(1516) and Egypt(1517)
Control of Syria gave them control of the holy cities of Islam.Control of Egypt gave them access to the Indian Ocean where they competed with Portuguese for control of Shipping.
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Military victories: Gallipoli, Kosovo, crushed king of Hungary.
1453: Reign of Sultan Mehmet II Ottomans conquered Constantinople, capital of Byzantine empire which had lasted a 1000 years.
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Took their name from Osman(r.1299-1326), the chief of a band of seminomadic Turks that had migrated into western Anatolia while the Mongols still held Persia.
The Ottoman leader called himself "Border chief" or leader of the ghazis, frontier raiders.
Temporarily slowed by defeat at the hands of Timur in 1402. They quickly reasserted themselves after his death.
Served as protector of Orthodox Church and of millions of Greek Christians in Anatolia and the Balkans.
Gunpowder, played an influential role in the expansion of the Ottoman state.
The Ottomans ruled their more distant lands such as those in North Africa , relatively lightly. Governors of distant provinces collected taxes and maintained trade routes, but their control did not penetrate deeply into the countryside.
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