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THE EARLY REPUBLIC : BUILDING A WORKABLE GOVERNMENT (BILL OF RIGHTS (The…
THE EARLY REPUBLIC : BUILDING A WORKABLE GOVERNMENT
FIRST CONGRESS
faced 4 immediate tasks
setting up executive departments
responding to states' calls for a bill of rights
organising the federal judiciary
raising revenue
James Madison
representing Virginia in the House of Representatives became influential in Congress
persuaded Congress to adopt the
Revenue Act of 1789
(imposing a 5% tariff on certain imports). > First Congress achieved an effective national tax law.
BILL OF RIGHTS
The first 10 amendments of the Constitution that guaranteed personal liberties.
"In every government power may oppress"
- James Madison
became part of the Constitution on December 15, 1791.
EXECUTIVE AND JUDICIARY
EXECUTIVE BRANCH (CONGRESS) =
3 administrative departments (established under the Articles of Confederation)
War
Foreign Affairs (renamed State)
Treasury
Instituted 2 lesser posts : the attorney general (nation's official lawyer) +the postmaster general.
JUDICIAL BRANCH = (SUPREME COURT)
Judiciary Act of 1789
defined the federal judiciary's jurisdiction
established a six-member Supreme Court + 13 district courts + three appellate courts.
DEBATE OVER SLAVERY