Cycle 5 Studying
Federalism and state and local governments
Federalism
division of power between federal and + state
reserved powere
Concurrent powers
Supremacy clause
US Constitution vs. FL Constitution
US Constition
Preamble
Gov. of 3 branches
Congress
President
Vice President
President
Appoint cabinet
3 levels of federal courts
FL Constitution
Preamble
FL Declaration Rightts
State gov. of 3 brtanches
Elected cabinet
FL state legislature
FL house of reps up t0 120 members
FL Senate up to 40 members
Differences between FL + US Constitution
Elected Cabinet in FL
No state income tax FL
English official lang. in FL
FL Constitution easier to amend
5 ways
60% must vote
Local gov. in FL
Country Govs
Municipal govs (Mayor + Council/city commisioner)
Special districts (special purposes)
Obligations + services of government
Fed. Gov. meets national needs (defence + foreign policy)
Satte gov. state needs (Edu.)
Local govs. local needs (School districts)
Key US and Supreme Court Decisions
Judicial Review
Marbury v. Madison (1803) established Judicial Review
1st Amendment
Tinker v. Des moines (1969) free speech rights for students
Hazelwood school district v. Kuhlmeier (1988) schools can censor school sponsored newspaper
2nd Amendment
District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) cities cannot ban handguns
Presidential power
US v. Nixon (1974) executive privilege did not Shield President Nixon
Bush v. Gore (2000) stopped recount making Bush president despite majority
Racial Segregation
Plessy v. Ferguson (1996) "separate but equal"
Brown v. Board of Education (1954) racial segregation no place in edu
Rights of Accused
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) accused entitled to court appointed attorney
Miranda v. Arizona (1966) accused must be told 5th amendment
In re Gault (1967) minors have due process rights
the Obligations Responsibilities and Rights of Citizens
US Citizenship
Birth right citizenship
If born in America you are a citizen
Naturalization process
at least 18
Lawful permanent resident
Lived in US for 5 years
Good Characetr
Read/write English
History/gov test
oath of allegiance
Responsibilities
Be informed on public affairs
Vote
Join political Party
Run for office
Serve on commitees
Attend public meetings
petition officials
volunteer
Public Policy
what is public policy
actions taken by gov. To solve problems and achieve goals
Public issues
A topic or problems which citizens disagree
multiple perspectives provide insight
Citizen influence public policy
Write letters
send petitions
Work with political parties, interest groups, and the media
Steps in public policy
Identify a problem
Identify level of gov. and agency to address it
Develop policy alternatives
Consider multiple perspectives
Choose best alternatives
Implements decision
Evaluate effectivness
Bill of rights
Personal Freedom
1st- religion, speech, press, assembly
2nd- bear arms
4th- searches and seizures
Right of the accused
5th- double jeopardy, self-incrimination, due process, just compensation, grand jury for murder
6th- public/speedy trial, impartial jury, legal counsel, confront witness
8th- excessive bail + cruel/unusual punishment
3rd- no quartering of soldiers
Other righst
7th- trial by jury civil case
9th- "unenumerated" powers
10th- reserved powers
Later amendments
Expansion of Democracy
13th -end slavery
14th Citizenship
15th- Voting regardless of race
19th- Women's suffrage
24th- No pol tax
26th- Voting 18 year olds
Amending the constitution
proposal- 2/3 each house of congress
Ratification- 3/4 state legislature
Political Parties and Elections
Impact of parties
Postive
Encourage participaton
Help Gov, leaders
Act as watchdogs
Negatives
Divide Americans
Deserves on Legislature
Evaluating Candidates
Education
Experience
Views
truth
Campaign for general Election
Raise funds
Advertising
Polls
Nomination Process
Funds from campaign
Conventions
Voting
Regulated by state gov.
must register before voting
Political parties in FL
Major parties
democrat- gov. supported programs
republican- less tax, lower tax, more freedom
other parties
Libertarian- maximise freedom, less tax, less gov.
Green- environment
Socialist- public service
Communist- against capitalist