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Hormones of the Endocrine System (Adrenal (Adrenal cortex (Zona…
Hormones of the Endocrine System
Thyroid
T3/T4 hormones:
Thyroid stimulating hormones, increase BMR, regulate tissue growth/development.
Calcitonin:
: :star: Increased levels of Ca+ in blood, pharm applications
Pancreas
Insulin:
:star: increased blood glucose levels, parasympathetic nervous. Accelerate transport of glucose into body cells, promote glycogen, fat, protein synthesis.
Glucagon:
:star: decreased blood glucose levels, sympathetic nervous. Accelerate breakdown of glycogen to glucose. Lactic acid-glucose. Release glucose in blood
Stomach
Parathyroid
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
:star: decreased levels of Ca+ in blood. Increases blood calcium levels stimulating osteoclasts/kidneys to reabsorb more calcium. Stimulates kidney to convert vitamin D to calcitol.
Heart
Testes
Testosterone:
LH/FSH maturation of male reproductive organs, 2nd sex character, sperm, sex drive
Adrenal
Adrenal cortex
Zona glomerulosa (mineralcorticoids)
: :star: angiotensin II release, increased k+ in blood.
Zona Fasciculata (glucocorticoids/cortisol):
:star: ACTH. Break fat and protein. Promote stress resistance, inhibits immune response
Zona reticularis (gonadocorticoids, androgens:
:star: ACTH, body growth, development of public, axillary hair, sex drive, insignificant
Chromaffin cells:
catecholamines, epinephrine, and norepinephrines. Flight or flight cells.
Adrenal Medulla:
controlled by sympathetic nervous system. Nerve impulse from preganglionic sympathic fibers.
Pituitary (Hypophysis)
Neurohypophysis (posterior)
Oxytocin: stimulates uterine contractions, milk ejection :star: nerve impulse cervical stretch, suckling
Antidiuretic (ADH):
stimulates kidneys to absorb more water reducing urine output. Conserves body water. :star: nerve impulse hypothalamic neurons in response to increased blood solute concentration.
Adenohypohysis
Lutenizing hormone (LH):
ovulation, ovarian production. Estrogen/Progesterone, testosterone production. :Star: Gonadotropin :check:
Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH):
stimulates glucocorticoids/androgens. :star: Corticotropin :check:
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH):
:star: gonadotropin. Ovarian follicle, estrogen and sperm production :check:
Growth hormone (GH) :Star: growth hormone releasing (GHRH). Growth, protein synthesis, fat, conserve glucose
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH):
Stimulates T3/T4. :star: thyrotropin release hormone (TRH) :check:
Prolactin (PRL)
:star: Prolactin inhibiting (PIH). Stimulates milk production
Pineal body
Melatonin-
daily sleep cycle, production of antioxidants.
Thymus
Thymosins
Thymulin
Thymopoietins
Ovary
Estrogen: LH/FSH. :star: :
Promote maturation of female reproductive organs. Secondary sex characteristic.
Estrogen & Progesterone
:star: LH/FSH. Regulate menstrual cycle/breast development.
Hypothalamus
Kidney
act as paracrines, T lymphocyte development, immune response
Tropic hormones :check:
Stimulants :Star:
Hypophyseal portal system