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Gender, crime and justice (Functionalist Sex Role Theory (Parsons'…
Gender, crime and justice
Gender patterns in crime
Most crime committed by males. 4 out of 5 convicted offenders are male among offenders, higher proportion of females convicted of property offences. Male violent or sexual offences
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Chivalry Thesis
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Argues CJS is more lenient to women, because its agents, police, judges, juries etc.- are men, who are socialised to act 'chivalrously' towards women.
Pollak- argues that men have protective attitude towards women, so they are less likely to be prosecute or convict them. Less likely to end in official stats, invalid picture
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Bias against women
Feminists argue that the CJS not biased in favour of women, but bias against women. Argue CJS treats women more harshly, especially when deviate from gender norms.
Heidensohn- Notes the double standards of courts punishing girls, but not boys, for promiscuous
Carlen- Found Scottish courts more likely to jail women whose children were in care than women whom they saw good mothers
Walklate- Argues that in rape cases it is victim who is on trial, since she has to prove her respectability in order to have her evidence accepted.
Explaining female crime
Overall, women in general do seem to have a lower rate of offending than men. How then can we explain the behaviour of those women who do offend?
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