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Chapter 9: Flowers and Reproduction (Flower Structure and Cross…
Chapter 9: Flowers and Reproduction
Concepts
producing offspring
generating genetically different offspring
Seeds
Asexual Reproduction
fragmentation
large spreading
self-sufficient
adventitious roots
Sexual Reproduction
The Plant Life Cycle
gametes
sperm
eggs
zygote
sporophyte phase/generation
spores
syngamy (fertilization)
gametophyte
microgametes
megagametes
microgametophytes
megagametophytes
microspores
megaspores
alternation of generations
heteromorphic generations
Flower Structure
pedicel
receptacle
complete flowers
incomplete flowers
sepals
petals
corolla
perianth
Stamens
androecium
filament
anther
microspore mother cells (microsporocytes)
tapetum
pollen
Carpels
gynoecium
stigma
style
placentae
ovules
nucellus
megaspore mother cells (megasporocytes)
Gametophytes
Microgametophyte
vegetative cell
generative cell
pollen tube
Megagametophyte
embryo sac
central cell
polar nuclei
antipodal cells
egg apparatus
synergids
Fertilization
plasmogamy
karyogamy
endosperm nucleus
double fertilization
endosperm
Embryo and Seed Development
suspensor
cotyledons
radicle
epicotyl
hypocotyl
albuminous seed
exalbuminous
seed coat (testa)
Fruit Development
exocarp
mesocarp
endocarp
pericarp
Flower Structure and Cross-Pollination
Cross-Pollination
self-pollination
same alleles
different alleles
Stamen and Style Maturation Times
immature stigma tissues
pollen only lives briefly
Stigma and Pollen Incompatibility
compatibility barriers
Monoecious and Dioecious Species
essential organs
imperfect flowers
perfect flower
nonessential organs
dioecy
monoecy
Animal-Pollinated Flowers
coevolution
actinomorphic
regular
zygomorphic
Wind-Pollinated Flowers
small chance of pollination
produces large amounts of pollen
Ovary Position
inferior ovary
epigynous
superior ovary
hypogynous parts
half-inferior
perigynous
Inflorescences and Pollination
determinate inflorescences
indeterminate inflorescences
Fruit Types and Seed Dispersal
True Fruits and Accessory Fruits
simple fruit
aggregate fruit
multiple fruit
Classification of Fruit Types
dry
fleshy
Dehiscent fruits
indehiscent fruits
