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Chapter 22: Seed Plants I: Seed Plants Without Flowers ("…
Chapter 22: Seed Plants I: Seed Plants Without Flowers ("Gymnosperms")
Concepts
lignophytes
spermatophytes
manoxylic wood
pycnoxylic wood
gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Division Progymnospermophyta: Progymnosperms
Aneurophytales
Aneurophyton
Protopteridium
Proteokalon
Tetraxylopteris
Triloboxylon
Eospermatopteris
Archaeopteridales
Archaeopteris
siphonostele
reproduction is heterosporous
Evolution of Seeds
integument
micropyle
pollen chamber
Division of Pteridospermophyta: Seed Ferns
Upper Devonian Period
woody plants
fern-like foliage
Stenomyelon
Calamopitys
Lyginopteris
Pachytesta incrassata
Division Coniferophyta: Conifers
Sequoiadendron giganteum
Agathis
Araucaria
never
vines
herbs
annuals
bulbs
rhizomes
Juniperus
Podocarpus
long/short shoots
simple/compound cones
cone bracts
ovuliferous scale
suspensor
proembryo
Division Cycadophyta: Cycads
Macrozamia
Cycas revoluta
Zamia floridana
Divison Cycadeoidophyta: Cycadeoids
all extinct
microsprophylls
megasporophylls
Divison Ginkgophyta: Maidenhair Tree
Ginko biloba
wood of conifers
looks like dicot tree
short/long shoots
reproduction
dioecious
gymnospermous
G. adiantoides
Division Gnetophyta
three groups
Gnetum
vines
small shrubs
Ephedra
tough shrubs
bushes
Welwitschia mirabilis
short, wide stems
two leaves
gymnosperms
anthophytes
