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Climate Change (Management (Planting trees (Acts as carbon sinks,trapping…
Climate Change
Management
Planting trees
Acts as carbon sinks,trapping CO2 from atmosphere using photosynthesis.
Release moisture into atmosphere, creating a cooling effect by producing more cloud; reducing incoming solar radiation.
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Carbon capture
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(CCS) - technology to capture CO2 produced from the use of fossil fuels in electricity generation & industrial processes.
International agreements
Paris agreement 2015: 195 countries adopted the first ever universal and legally binding global climate deal.
Global issue and requires global solutions. Carbon emissions spread across the world and effects everyone.
Impacts
Rising Sea Levels
As sea levels rise, coastal regions are flooded and become at greater risk of storm surges, and the rate of coastal erosion increases. Fresh water supplies will be contaminated by salt water.
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Water Supply
Climate change causes more severe and more frequent droughts and floods. Unreliable rainfall and periods of water shortage require careful management.
Millions of people in Asia depend on rivers fed by snow and glacial melt for their water. Because the glaciers are melting rapidly, this threatens long term security of the water supply to these regions.
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Causes
Natural
Change in Earth's orbit - Milankovitch discovered that there were 3 main cycles of the Earth's orbit. The first, Eccentricity describes the Earth's orbit around the sun. Then Axial tilt shows how the Earth spins and creates day and night. Finally Precession says there is a natural 'wobble' which means that the Earth spins irregularly the reason why in some places the days are longer than others. These affect the seasons.
Solar activity - Sun spots are dark spots that appear on the sun. If the sun spots are at a maximum the sun gives off more heat energy and vice versa. Can cause severe summers or winters.
Volcanic activity - Short term affects can be the sun being blocked out by ash causing lower temps. Sulfur dioxide is switched to sulfuric acid can make temperatures colder as they reflect the suns radiation. For example the eruption of Mount Tambora in 1815
Human
Methane - This is another greenhouse gas. Absorbs heat. Comes from cattle and decaying waste in landfill and rice farming.
CO2 Emmisions - Excess CO2 is being produced from the combustion of fossil fuels and deforestation as the trees cannot absorb the CO2 in the atmosphere. Accounts for 60% of the greenhouse effect. It creates almost a 'blanket' which traps the suns heat and radiation.
Nitrous oxides - Small concentrations however this is the mist effective at absorbing and trapping heat. Power stations, exhaust fumes, sewage treatment and agriculture fertilizers.
Evidence
Glaciers - Glaciers are shrinking and retreating some may disapear completely by 2035. They are melting so we know that temps are getting warmer.
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