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Principles of network applications (Transport services available to…
Principles of network applications
Application architecture
Client-Server
Peer-to-Peer (P2P)
Processes communicating
Exchange messages
In the context of a communication session between a pair of processes, the process that initiates the communication (that is, initially contacts the other process at the beginning of the session) is labeled as the
client
. The process that waits to be contacted to begin the session is the
server
Socket
interface
Application Programming Interface (API)
Addressing processes
IP address
Port number
Transport services available to applications
Reliable data transfer
Loss-tolerant applications
Throughput
Bandwidth-sensitive applications
Elastic applications
Timing
Security
Transport services provided by Internet
TCP
Connection-oriented
Reliable data transfer
UDP
Connectionless
Unreliable data transfer
Application-layer protocols
The types of messages exchanged, for example, request messages and response messages
The syntax of the various message types, such as the fields in the message and how the fields are delineated
The semantics of the fields, that is, the meaning of the information in the fields
Rules for determining when and how a process sends messages and responds to messages