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Population Genetics (speciation- the process by which one species splits…
Population Genetics
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pre zygotic barrier- impedes members of diff species from attempting to mater, or from mating to be completed successfully
habitat isolation- species that occupy diff habitats within the same area are isolated from one another by physical barriers
behavioral isolation- successful breeding requires mate recognition through unique behaviors or courtship displays
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genetic variation- differences in phenotype within a population, reflects differences in genes/ DNA sequences
mutation- most occur in somatic cells, mutations in the noncoding regions of the DNA may result in neutral variation
chromosomal rearrangement- changes that result in deletions, disruptions, or rearrangements in loci are usually harmful, can sometimes be beneficial by linking genes that produce a positive effect
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sexual reproduction- creates unique combinations of alleles (crossing-over, independent assortment, fertilization)
sexual selection- process in which individuals w/ certain inherited characteristics are more likely than
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allopatric speciation- gene flow is interrupted when a population is divided into geographically isolated subpopulations
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habitat differentiation- a susbpopulation expolits a habitat or resource not used by the parent population
hybrid zone- a region in which members of different species mate , producing at least some offspring of mixed ancestry
3 types: reinforcement, fusion, and stability
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population- a group of individuals, of the same species that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
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adaptive evolution- a process in which traits that enhance survival or reproduction tend to increase in frequency
DDT- powerful poison that has a strong selective force, causes the sodium channels in insect neurons to stay open causing the insects to die, some insects have a mutation in the sodium channel gene making them DDT resistant
relative fitness- the contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation.. relative to the contribution of other individuals
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