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Populations & Ecosystems (Ecosystem Structure (Trophic Levels (Primary…
Populations & Ecosystems
Plants & Their Habitats
Abiotic Components
Climate
Critically Important
Species restricted to regions
Components
Temperature
Rainfall
Relative Humidity
Winds
Soil Factors
Breakdown of rocks
Pioneers
First plants
Horizon
Uppermost soil
Latitude & Altitude
Equator
12 hr long days
no seasonal variation
no photoperiod
Higher Latitudes
Long summer days
Long winter nights
Arctic & Antarctic
24 hr long summer days
Disturbance
Biotic Components
The Plant
Part of habitat
Habitat Modification
Beneficial
Detrimental
Neutral
Other Plant Species
Mutualism
Competition
Competitive Exclusion
Niche
Common Garden
Other Organisms
Commensal Relationships
Predation
Herbivores
Herbivory
Browsing
Grazing
Population Structure
Geographic Distribution
Range Boundaries
Limiting Factor
Any single factor
Local Distribution
Random Distribution
No obvious pattern
Clumped Distribution
Small or Large Spacing
Uniform Distribution
Orchards & Plantations
Age Distribution
Demography
Relative Proportions of Individuals
Generation Time
Birth to First Offspring Birth
Biotic Potential
number of offspring
r- and K Selection
r-Selection
r-selected species
Annuals or small perennials
K-Selection
K-selected species
Long-Lived Conifers
Ecosystem Structure
Physiognomic Structure
Physical Size & Shape
Plant Distribution
Life Forms
Temporal Structure
Changes to ecosystem
Undergoes w/ time
Dramatic Seasonal Changes
Light Dormancy
Deep Dormancy
Species Composition
Number and Diversity
Species That Coexist
Mild or Stressful Climate
Rich or Poor Soil
Competition is intense
Trophic Levels
Feeding Levels
Photosynthesis
Dominant Method
All Energy Input
Primary Producers
Autotrophs
Primary Consumers
Herbivores
Secondary Producers
Secondary Consumers
Carnivores
Decomposers
Fungi & Bacteria
