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Chemistry of the atmosphere (Evolution of the atmosphere (Modern day…
Chemistry of the atmosphere
Evolution of the atmosphere
Modern day atmosphere
78% Nitrogen
21% oxygen
0.9% Argon
0.1% Carbon Dioxide
Traces of other gases, such as neon, helium, krypton, methane and water vapour
The early atmosphere
The early atmosphere was formed by intense volcanic activity.
The early atmosphere contained high amounts of CO2, some nitrogen and water vapour and a little bit of oxygen
How the CO2 in the atmosphere decreased
When the surface cooled down and oceans formed lots of CO2 was dissolved into the oceans.
Plants then converted CO2 into oxygen through the process of photosynthesis
Where all the CO2 is stored
Lots of CO2 is stored in crude oil, natural gas and coal
Lots of CO2 is also stored in limestone
Greenhouse gases and climate change
Greenhouse gases
Greenhouse gases that work like an insulating layer for the earth. They do this by trapping infra red radiation from the sun in our atmosphere by reflecting back at the earth
CO2 and Methane are both greenhouse gases
Human activity has led to increase greenhouse gases due to emissions.
Climate Change
Due to increasing levels of greenhouse gases global temperatures have been increasing.
Climate change can lead to:
Increasing temperature which could melt the ice caps which could cause a rise in sea levels
Change in rainfall patterns
Frequency and severity of storms
Carbon Footprints
A carbon footprint is measure of how much greenhouse gases are released by something
Reducing carbon footprints
Use renewable or nuclear power as it does not release any greenhouse gases
Make companies reduce emissions by taxing people based on how much CO2 they release
Carbon capture techniques such as pumping CO2 back into the ground
Air pollution
Problems caused by the products of combustion
Carbon particles: Can cause breathing problems and causes global dimming
Carbon monoxide: Very dangerous to breathe in as it suffocates you
Sulfur dioxide: Causes acid rain