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Energy Transfer (Energy and work. (Energy is recorded in Joules. (I Joules…
Energy Transfer
Energy and work.
Work=force x distance moved
Energy is recorded in Joules.
I Joules is 1gram lifted 10cm.
Work is done whenever a force acts on an object through a distance.
Kinetic energy
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Potential energy
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Gravitational energy
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Chemical energy
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elastic potential energy
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Electrical potential energy.
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Nuclear
energy
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Thermal energy
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Wave energy
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Methods of heat and energy
tranfer .
Conduction
The transfer of energy through a solid material
by particles colliding or interacting.
If you heat an aluminion rod on the left hand side
it will become hot first and then over time
the whole rod will became hot.
This is conduction.
Convection.
The movement of a substance by heat. The substance is either a gas or a liquid.
Particles are heated; vibrate faster and move
apart.
This makes them lhotter so they rise.
The substances stars to
cool and sink.
The air moves back to the heat source to
fill the lost air
Radiation
It is heat that travels in the forms of wave.
Can travel through a vacuum.
The sun emits heat radiation.
It travels at the speed of light .
It cannot travel through glass.
Emitters and absorbers
Black surfaces are the best emitters.
Black surfaces are the best absorbers.
Shiny surfaces are the best reflectors .
Insulation
How heat loss can be avoided.
Roof insulation reduces convection. The trapped air forms barriers that prevents convection.
Double layer of bricks. Reduces conduction of heat by creating pockets of trapped air. ( Air doesn’t conduct wlell.)
Also stops convection currents.
Porch works a bit like an air-lock.
Double glazing: created vacuums reducing conduction.
energy of a moving object
Stored energy
Energy gained when the distance above
the earths surface increases.
Energy realeased when chemical bonds are broken
Energy held in a spring on band.
Energy stored on an electrical current.
Energy when atoms split.
Heat energy
Energy transferred in waves.