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DNA (Structure (Polymer, Two polynucleotide strands, Two strands are…

- - - - DNA unzips (hydrogen bonds between the nucleotide bases are broken, catalysed by DNA helicase and results in two single strands of DNA with exposed bases)
        
        Free phosphorylated nucoleotides are bonded to the exposed bases
        
        DNA polymerase catalyses the addition of the new nucleotide bases. It uses each single strand of unzipped DNA as a template
        
        Leading strand is synthesised continuously, but the lagging strand is in fragments that are later joined (catalysed by ligase enzymes)
        
        Hydrolysis of the activated nucleotides to release the extra phosphate groups supplies the energy to make phosphoester bonds between the sugar residue of one and the phosphate group of the next nucleotide
    - - After one division of E-coli, it was proven DNA does not replicate conservatively (did not have one heavy/one light strand)
        
        After another division, one hybrid and one light strand of DNA was produced, proving semi-conservative and disproving dispersive