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Cardio Vascular System
(Part of circulatory system)
A million cells…
Cardio Vascular System
(Part of circulatory system)
A million cells networked by a liquid medium that transports, communicates and nourishes
blood
Plasma (liquid element)
aqueous solution of proteins, salts sugars, fats, urea, amino acids, vitamins and hormones (rasa dhatu)
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Blood vessels 
A million hearts: arterioles and capillaries contract and relax independent from the cardiac impulse and regulate the blood flow in various parts of the body independently depending on need, based on inputs from PNS and hormones like adrenaline etc.
Veins
No pressure. All pumping action back to heart due to the contraction of the muscles, venous return. To prevent backflow, veins have valves.
IN and hold after IN increases venous blood return to right heart by decreasing intra thoracic pressure. This has opposite effect on left heart, making the exit of blood harder.
Capillaries
Arteries branch out to become thin capillaries, from where exchange happens at cellular level. The pressure here reduces dramatically. Re-join to make veins
Arteries
Elastic walls that become smaller and smaller, creating pressure. No valves as the blood pushed by pressure created by heart's pumping action. Pressure felt as the pulse over bony prominences
deliver oxygen,nutrients, and hormones to cells
take away carbon dioxide and waste products for processing/disposal by the lungs, kidneys, liver and skin.
heart (muscular double pump, tank)
Ventricles
Pumping
Right ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary valve
To lungs for oxygenation
Left ventricle (thick walled), aortic valve, aorta
To whole body
Atrium
Receiving
Left atrium, pulmonary vein, mitral valve
from lungs, thin walled
Right atrium, superior and inferior vena cava, tricuspid valve
from different parts of body
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Valves
Pulmonary valve (R), Aortic valve (L)
Prevents backflow of blood going into lungs and aorta
Mitral valve (L), Triscupid valve (R)
Divides atrium and ventricle
The soleus muscle
peripheral heart, located in the calf
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Electrical conduction System
Generates signal to contract the right and left atrium, and then the right and left ventricles, in that order, to allow blood to be pumped throughout the body.
Dub: Closing of Aortic and Pulmonary valves
Drop of blood pressure in ventricles leads to closing of the aortic and pulmonary valves; Heart relaxes, expands, tricuspid and mitral Valves open due to ventricular relaxation, receives blood into ventricles through both atria; ventricular diastole, atrial diastole
Lub: Mitral valve and tricuspid valve closure
Upon signal from AV node ventricles start contracting, tricuspid and mitral valves close first and then aorta and pulmonary valves open due to pressure built from this contraction, blood pushed out into arteries, ventricular systole and atrial diastole
The two atria contract based on signal from SA node, pump blood into ventricles. (atrial systole, ventricular diastole)
Bundle of His
Located in intraventricular septum
Distributes impulse to R and L ventricular walls for contraction
Sinuatrial Node
Pacemaker. Located in the upper part of the wall of the right atrium. Electrical signals generated here cause the two atria to contract, forcing blood into the ventricles.
AV Node
Relays signal from SA Node for ventricular contraction. Located at the lower back section of the inter-atrial septum. Allows for a delay in the atrial and ventricular contraction
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Heart-Digestive connection
Portal Venous System, Nutrient-Transfer