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DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE WELLBEING SOCIETY (GOALS (ECONOMIC…
DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE WELLBEING SOCIETY
Why advanced countries need to develop sustainably
The model of Western welfare states has been successful in the past thanks to 3 values:
democracy
equal welfare and opportunities
market-based economy
But these countries are facing challenges such as:
high public debt
declining social cohesion
climate change
=> Western countries need to change to be more sustainable
How the world has changed
The world has become more interdependent, complex and uncertain
East Asian countries are more efficient and competitive
How these countries should change
recognize that the Western model is not the best
learn from developing countries with more efficient models
become more agile, think strategically and long-term
6 PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE WELL-BEING SOCIETY
THESE PRINCIPLES ARE ADOPTED IN 4 AREAS OF LIFE
SOCIAL & HEALTHCARE SERVICES
PROBLEMS
In Western countries, mental health problems => early retirement and social exclusion
More people with mental health problems => costs of healthcare systems are too expensive for governments
SOLUTIONS
Governments should see this as a long-term investment
Individuals can use technology to take care of their own health
Individuals can help others in their communities
Service providers desin personalized solutions and transfer part of the costs to customers
=>
BENEFITS
:
Customers have more flexibility, don't have to live close to doctors
Costs of healthcare can be reduced for governments
LIFESTYLE & CONSUMPTION HABITS
PROBLEMS
Politics only focus on materialistic needs => No awareness about wellbeing
Consumerism brings brief satisfaction but is harmful to well-being of individuals, social and environmental sustainability
=> People should have more sustainable consumption habits and lifestyles
SOLUTIONS
People should have general knowledge =>understand how their choices affect the environment
Society should support sustainable lifestyles
Governments could use taxation to promote sustainable production
Businesses can use this opportunity to produce environmentally-friendly products
Collaborative consumption can be encouraged
=> reduce overconsumption and waste
WORK
CHANGES IN LABOR MARKET
Production in Western countries move to cheaper countries
Routine jobs are being replaced by automation
Technology give rise to new concepts of work (gig economy, collaborative economy, outsourcing, project-based work)
New jobs that require new skills, especially in the area of ICT
BENEFITS FOR WORKERS
more flexibility, disadvantaged people can also find jobs (women, younger workers, immigrants..)
Drawbacks are lower salaries and social security, less access to training. Some people may agree to work under lower safety standards.
BENEFITS FOR COMPANIES
lower costs
higher flexibility, can recruit the best talents short-term
can combine external ideas with internal resources efficiently
CHANGES IN WORK PREFERENCES
People want more meaningful jobs where they can express themselves
Workers will be more likely to change employers, jobs
Young workers want more diversity and flexibility in their jobs
Mature workers are less interested in retiring
One thing that has not changed is that people want to be part of a community.
HOW TO RESPOND TO THESE CHANGES
EDUCATION SHOULD BE REFORMED
Schools should teach students essential skills and how to apply knowledge to prepare for work life
Students should have broader skills and knowledge, can learn fast by linking different views from different fields
Technology can be used in teaching
WORKERS NEED TO RESKILL AND UPSKILL CONTINUOUSLY
Governments and companies should encourage and provide support for workers to learn throughout their work lives
SOCIAL SECURITY IS LINKED TO INDIVIDUALS, NOT TO JOBS
Governments should customize policies to ensure equality among receivers of social benefits
GOVERNMENTS CAN USE BIG DATA IN POLICYMAKING
Big data provides insights of job markets => Policymakers can analyze and implement policies more efficiently
EDUCATION
PROBLEMS
Students only have specific knowledge in one area and lack general knowledge
Students learn a lot of knowledge but cannot apply
SOLUTIONS
Students should acquire general knowledge and develop in a holistic way => know their strengths, have self-management skills and an entrepreneurial spirit
Schools need to promote sustainable lifestyle
Schools should teach students important social skills and support a physically active lifestyle
Schools should teach students how to work in networks with people from different backgrounds
Technology could be used to design personalized learning solutions => bring out each student's potentials
Schools could partner with companies and organizations to help students get practical experiences
Students can participate in making decisions about their daily life in schools
THESE PRINCIPLES AFFECT 3 SUBJECTS
INDIVIDUALS
need to have better understanding of wellbeing => manage life better
should live a simpler life
should have general knowledge => realize their strengths and consequences of their decisions
should focus less on wealth and materialistic needs => change consumption habits to be more sustainable
need to continuously update their skills to remain competitive
should take responsibility for issues concerning themselves
COMMUNITIES
should encourage its members to support each other
should embrace diversity and encourage learning from people with different backgrounds (collaborative learning)
should be given more power in local matters => cut costs for governments, motivate citizens to take actions
should encourage collaborative consumption => reduce waste and increase community spirit
should support individuals with sustainable lifestyles
ENVIRONMENT
People should have higher awareness of how their consumption habits affect the environment => reduce consumerism
Society should support sustainable lifestyles and collaborative consumption
Governments play a key role in tackling environmental problems
focus less on economic growth and more on social & ecological values
find ways to integrate environmental policies into society
encourage production of renewable energy and decentralize energy production
make sustainable products attractive and available for consumers
raise taxes for products harmful to the environment
support businesses that solve environmental problems
Businesses also have an important role in protecting the environment
should try to use resource more efficiently and try to recycle waste (circular economy)
should change their way of thinking, not just focus on short-term profits but long-term sustainability => take advantage of this opportunity to create sustainable innovations
create values for all stakeholders not shareholders
GOALS
ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY
Economic policies should focus on well-being and the environment, not just growth
Governmental organizations can connect businesses, decision-makers and NGOs to create vast ecosystems
Market-based economy is efficient but concentrate wealth among few people => increase social inequality
Governments should encourage new economic models (circluar economy, green economy)
Governments should encourage impact investments => generate economic + environmental benefits
SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY
People should understand wellbeing better => make better decisions in their daily lives
Society should give individuals more responsibility to take care of themselves
Governments should become more transparent
Governments should create a shared vision and include all groups of people in decision-making => increase trust of citizens in governments
Governments should support community-based solutions
Big changes should be tried on a small scale first and learn from mistakes (evolutionary transition)
Businesses should create values for all stakeholders not just for shareholders
Education needs reforms to develop competent individuals
Governments and businesses should provide support for workers to continuously update skills
ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY
SEE 'ENVIRONMENT'