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chapter 9 (How can a people respond to legacies of historical …
chapter 9
How can a people respond to legacies of historical
globalization?
The Zapatista Movement
Every year, dozens of delegations of this type arrive in Chiapas, the poorest region of Mexico, to offer their services to the local people.
A Legacy of Neglect
Chiapas is a state in the southeastern region of Mexico.
it is inhabited by about four million people
an estimated 40% of the population suffer from malnutrition
In January 1994, Mexico signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with the United States and Canada. To secure the deal, Mexico agreed to ban subsidies for Indigenous farm cooperatives.
the agreement would repeal action 17 of the mexican constitution. which
granted indigenous people the right to communal ownership of land they lived on for centuries.
Subsidies are financial help given to an industry by the government.
The Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN) arose in
response to this new wave of globalization.
they claim to be the voice of the people left behind by globalization
They believe that NAFTA and other forms of globalization are destroying their language, their economic and political systems, and the way people relate to each other.
When NAFTA came into effect in 1994, the Zapatistas declared war on the Mexican government and took over five towns in the Chiapas region.
Soon after their declaration of war on the Mexican government in 1994, the Zapatistas made a dramatic change.
They adopted a unique non violence policy, claiming they would take no military or terrorist actions against the government.
Instead of blockading the land to keep people out, the Zapatistas invited people to see for themselves the poverty and desperation in Chiapas.
The government has also donated a 5000-hectare plot of land to the people of Chiapas and will provide loans to Chiapas farmers so that they can buy farm equipment.
How does historical imperialism relate to current
social issues?
Social Effects Associated with Residential Schools
the goal was to take children away from their parents, who they learned alot from. and undo all that teaching and reinforce their ideas instead of their traditional values
they impacted on the culture and ideologies of the people.
they where church run
residential schools
One hundred thirty residential schools existed from 1884 to
1996.
students where forcibly removed from their families and homes
any parent who didn't send their children was fined or jailed
Because of the distances between the residential schools and the children’s homes, students did not have any contact with their parents for up to 10 months at a time
they where not allowed to speak their native languages or play games that they had learned at home with one another.
there was severe punishment if they broke this rule
How could historical imperialism affect the long-term
stability of a region or country?
The Oka Crisis
In March 1990, armed members of the Mohawk First Nation (historically known as the Kanien’ kehaka at Kanesatake barricaded a road and occupied an area of land near the town of Oka, Québec.
they where protesting the building of a golf course on their land
The golf course expansion was cancelled. The federal government has since purchased several parcels of land for Mohawk use. However, the original land claim dispute has never been resolved.
the land that they lived on had been occupied since 1717
The mayor of Oka called in the police, and on July 11 a SWAT team launched tear gas and concussion grenades to break up the barri-cades. In the chaos that ensued, Corporal Marcel Lemay of the Sûreté du Québec police force was shot and killed.
in the days that followed people from all around the world started prostesting
There were other acts of solidarity that took place across Canada. For example, in Cold Lake, Alberta, a wooden bridge leading to the Canadian Forces Base was burned by a member of Cold Lake First Nations.
Because they think that it hasn't done enough Mohawk at the nearby Kahnawake reserve blockaded the Mercier Bridge between the Island of Montréal and the South Shore suburbs, causing enormous traffic jams. The RCMP were brought in but could not control the situation.