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Pull factors 19th and early 20th century (Better Trade and Business…
Pull factors 19th and early 20th century
Better Trade and Business Opportunities
British Agency Houses
set up agency houses
helped British factors sell goods (cloth, clocks, knives, nails, etc) in Singapore
earned commissions
exports goods from China, India and the Malay Archipelago as return to parts of Europe
Boustead & company
Guthrie & Company
A.L. Johnson & Company
Paterson, Simon & Co.
The Straits-Born Chinese (Chinese Peranakan) Traders
Singapore is a convenient meeting point drew a group of people called Straits-Born Chinese
attracted by job opportunities
set up own trading houses
Singapore was a free port
more profits than other regions
translators for Malay and Chinese
charge a fee
The Bugis Traders
Singapore attracted many traders from Malay Archipelago and Riau Islands
Bugis traders were the most prominent group
trading long before Europeans arrived
Dutch imposed the taxes on traders when they took control of the East Indies
spice trade of Bugis were affected (use traditional trade routes)
Bugis traders attracted by Singapore's free port
hundreds of families moved to Singapore by the beginning of 20th century
The Arab Traders
Arabs in Southeast Asia were originally from Southern Arabia ( south-eastern part of Yemen)
Active traders in Southeast Asia since 7th century
Syed Sharif Omar bin Ali Aljunied and his uncle were the first one arrive in Singapore
many people followed them to escape heavy duties
another group of Arabs moved from Hadhramaut to Singapore in the 19th century
easier travels with steamship
Singapore had free immigration policy
no pay for immigrants
many poorer immigrants from China and India came
conduct business and trade for merchants and traders
Better Job Prospects
The Javanese and the Baweanese
the salary for unskilled labours were extremely low in the 1920s (sugarcane plantations)
labours come to Singapore for higher wages
Javanese and writers were also attracted to Singapore
free to write and print news articles and stories in Singapore