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Lecture 13: Introduction to Organismal Biology (Organisms must: (Survive…
Lecture 13: Introduction to Organismal Biology
Two main characteristics of life: Metabolism and Heredity
Made up of water (primarily), Macromolecules (Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids), various inorganic compounds and elements
Organisms must:
Survive
Obtain nutrients from environment
Exchange gases with environment
Obtain water from environment
Get rid of toxic wastes
Mammals, most amphibians, sharks, some bony fishes:
Urea
Many reptiles (including birds), insects, land snails:
uric acid
Most aquatic animals, including most bony fishes:
ammonia
Obtain energy
Sense & Respond to internal & external environments
Reproduce
Energy & Ecosystems
Primary Producers
Primary Consumers (Herbivores)
Secondary Consumers
Tertiary Consumers
Detritivores