Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Solids by Julia Duarte, Lelia Ottinger, Sarah Haugh, and Paris Bredehoft

- - - - Soda and Lime are added to the Silica
      - melts at a lower temp, able to be softened multiple times, extremely workable, not as clear, inexpensive
    - - Lead (II) Oxide is added to the Silica
      - heavy, durable, high brilliance, very clear, highly refractive
    - - Boric Oxide is added to the components of soda lime glass
      - high heat tolerance, extreme resistance to severe temperature changes
  - - - polysaccharides bonded together by hydrogen bonds
      - most abundant organic compound on earth, keeps plants strong
    - - nucleotides made up of phosphate groups, sugar groups, and nitrogen bases
      - encodes the genetic characteristics of every living organism
- - - - molecules, but when a noble gas is cooled, individual atoms
      - london dispersion forces
      - Ex: Argon
    - - atoms are at the lattice points
      - held together by weak london dispersion forces
      - Carbon Networks
        
        diamond
        
        Hard with a strong bond between layers. Stabilized by covalent bonding. Bonding between carbon atoms are between each and leave empty levels. As a result diamond is not a good electrical conductor.
        
        Commonly found in jewelry, used in saw blades, speaker domes, windows. Could be used for surgical tools and prosthetics in the future
        http://www.heartsonfire.com/history-of-diamonds/unusual-diamond-uses.aspx
        
        graphite
        
        Hexagonal formation of layers with weak bonds. Stabilized by covalent bonds. The weak bonding between these layers give the graphite a malleable property.
        
        Used in refractory applications, crucibles in the steel industry, brake linings, molds in foundries
        https://mineralseducationcoalition.org/minerals-database/graphite/
        
        silicon carbide
        
        Covalently bonded primary coordinated tetrahedron. The crystal structure exhibits a number of different one-dimensional ordering sequences without any variation in stoichiometry. Has either hexagonal or trigonal symmetry . Identical layers perpendicular to the hexagonal or trigonal areas.
        
        semiconductor devices, abrasives in many industrial applications, lapping films for polishing https://www.digikey.com/en/articles/techzone/2016/dec/silicon-carbide-history-and-applications
      - Silicon Dioxide Networks
        
        most commonly found in sand
        
        three-dimensional network of tetrahedra cells, with four oxygen atoms surrounding each silicon ion
    - - Metallic solids are made of metal atoms held together by metallic bonds. The body of the solid is composed of the metallic bonds of molecular orbitals.
      - metal ions are at the lattice points