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Chapter 12: Transport Process (Long-Distance Transport: Phloem (sinks…
Chapter 12: Transport Process
Concepts
Short-distance transport
distance of few cells
long-distance transport
far away cells
Isolation Mechanism
inhibit movement of substances
Diffusion, Osmosis, and Active Transport
diffusion
simplest method
high to low
osmosis
types of membranes
freely permeable
completely impermeable
differentially (selectively permeable membranes)
aquaporins (protein channels)
molecular pumps
active transport
intracellular transport
Water Potential
free energy of water
pressure potential
measured in
Megapascals (MPa)
bars
osmotic potential
matric potential
Short-Distance Intercellular Transport
Guard Cells
potassium ions
water enters and leaves here
Motor Cells
Mimosa pudica
Oxalis
Transfer Cells
active transport
symplast
movement through cells
apoplast
movement between cells
Long-Distance Transport: Phloem
pressure flow hypothesis
sources
water and nutrients are transported
actively transported
polymer trap mechanism
STM/CC complex
mass transfer
specific mass transfer
sinks
receive transported phloem sap
flowers
fruits
P-protein
P-protein plug
callose
Long-Distance Transport: Xylem
Water Transport Through Xylem
cohesion-tension hypothesis
transstomatal transpiration
transcuticular transpiration
poikilohydry
cavitation
embolism
Control of Water Transport by Guard Cells
opens to let water out
closes to keep water in
Properties of Water
cohesive
adhesive
Water Available in Air
incipient plasmolysis
plasmolyzed
water potential is most negative
