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Experimental designs (Trial structure (parallel acquisition --> relies…

- - - - 1. fixed jittering
        --> different Sampling time (Te) than Pulse repetition time (TR) (eg. 1 sec TR / between pulses)
        ------> eg. sampling interval (Te) is varied at fixed multiple of 1 (TR) ( if trial interval 1 sec, it will be 1,2,3,4 seconds)
      - 2. variable jittering
        --> different Sampling time (Te) than Pulse repetition time (TR) (eg. 1 sec TR / between pulses) e.g. sampling interval (Te) will be 1, 1.2, 1.4, 2.2
        ---> Te not fixed at a multiple but one, but also everythign inbetween :3!!
        -----> you get more sampling points that way :) !!
- - - - Basically donders substraction
        ---> assumes pure insertion !!!!
        ---> OFTEN violated !!
        --> looking at neutral icture, then lookign at sad picture, the sad picture is assumed to have all teh qualities of neutral picture plus adde quality of sad picture
        -----> by substraction brain activity from neutral from sad (+neutral) we would only get brain activity responsible for sad only!
    - - eg. fusiform face area
        --> comparing activity with faces (what they are interested in
        -----> but also faces vs objects,faces vs vegetables, faces with houses, scrambled faces, faces with body parts, faces with animals ETC...!!!
        --> by doing this and substracting everything they can make a good argument, that indeeed its only ever active for faces !! cause literally all other bjects have been zeroed out :D !!
        --> kinda clever haha
      - eg. for processs overlapp/ dissasociation:
        --> A and not B active in area , B but not A active in area (seperate modifiability)
        --> more A than B activity, more B than A activity (double dissociation
        ------> eg. different activity pattern for heat pain vs warmth and friend vs expartner
    - - Conjunction design <--- look it up :D !! in one of the papers
  - - - Leads to:
        
        high power
        
        less generalization and less specificity inferences
      - should be done if study = new area or field
        --> where are the effects
        --> how strong are they
        --> how to get them
    - - Leads to:
        --> low power (cause many conditions but little ppl)
        --> good ability to make specific inferences !!
      - Once field is already well established to make your results more specific and more accurate to make more correct inferences
- - - - control condition
        --> which time is nummerically greater e.g 9 oclock is numerically bigger than 7 o clock (No imagery involved just symantic understanding :3!!)
      - Experimental group
        --> 2 times named e.g 7 o'clock and 9 o'clock (auditory only, no visual stimulus) they had to judge which had the bigger angle (Imagery)
      - results:
        --> clear bilateral activation of posterior parietal lobes
        -------> where pathway (dorsal) also active if spatial information is imagined, not just when physically visually seen / perceived :3 !!
    - - Experimental group: 3 conditions now
        ---> this time audio imagery (imagery) of the two clocks angels VS. actual visual perception of two displayed clocks (perception)
        -----> still had to judge for each where angle is the biggest
      - Control
        ---> by a different task counting the sylabbels in words and adding them, saying if they were odd or even lol
      - results:
        
        ----------> auditory imagery - actual perception = NO activity in posterior parietal AT ALL!! <-- which shows that both had exactly the same activity there !!!!!!!!
        
        Shows that mental imagery (by auditory instruction), uses the same function of parietal lobe as actual visual perception!!
        --------------> SO where pathway/ dorsal stream has Mental imagery and actual perception converge in the posterior parietal lobe :) !!
        
        Correlation
        --> of all conditions (audio imagery, actual perception, and syllables counting) to baseline!!
        --------> Activity in Posterior parietal in audio imagery and in actual perception compared to baseline!!
        
        Contrast
        --> comparing / contrasting / subtracting all the conditions from each other
        ---------> auditory Imagery - syllables counting = activity in Posterior parietal cortex (from auditory imagery condition)
        --------> auditory imagery - actual perception = NO activity in posterior parietal AT ALL!! <-- which shows that both had exactly the same activity there !!!!!!!!