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Eastern Europe (Gorbachev and the collapse of Soviet control (Press &…

- - - - Gorbachev also wanted to give people in the USSR more power, for example the Ukrainians, and allowed them to have independent Soviets.
      - n most countries they demanded independence. In Russia itself, the Soviet elected Yeltsin.
      - Opinions could be expressed and dissidents were released, like Sakharov.
    - - Perestroika was harder. Many people wanted Gorbachev to introduce a capitalist market, but this would mean the end of Communism, so he held back.
      - 1988 Law on Enterprise allowed companies to set prices and wages, which meant prices shot up and there was inflation
- - - - They were trying to accuse them of a government party
      - Constitution said that they could use martial law
      - Martial law → the army can take over
- - - - Walter Ulbricht
      - Erich Honecker
    - - Nikita Khrushchev
      - Mikhail Gorbachev
  - - - 2.6 million East Germans fled to West Berlin or Germany (between 1949 and 1961)
        This was around 15% of the population
        
        Made East look bad because people did not want to live in the West
      - Lost a lot of good workers “brain drain”
        
        61% of the population in the East could work, in war 70% could work
        
        Engineers, technicians, physicians, teachers, lawyers and skilled workers in general
  - - - People in the West were happy because they had more freedom and more right to things (supermarket)
      - People in East because they had less freedom and did not have a lot of rights
    - - It divided families which were unable to visit each other
      - In cases Germans were separated from their jobs and ended up jobless, hence, in poverty.
- - - - travel
      - workers council
      - honesty
      - freedom of speech
      - no more censorchip
    - - Novony
      - Dubcek
    - - No goods
      - bad living standards
      - struggle
    - - protests
      - Dubcek
      - Hardline
      - Brezhnev Doctrine
  - - - USSR always got the food
    - - Stalinist
      - brutal
    - - USSR
      - communist policies
    - - gero
      - student protest
      - Naggy
    - - democracy
      - ask help from the UN
      - left the Warsaw pact
      - sent out the USSR troops
      - Religion
      - Free speech
      - democracy
    - - West
        
        protests
        
        no help
        
        suez crisis
      - death
        
        20,000 deaths