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digestive system (stomach (receives food from the esophagus (mucose…
digestive system
stomach
receives food from the esophagus
mucose membrane lining contains rugae
helps expand stomach
contains the cardiac sphincter
the food will remain in the stomach for 1-4 hours
gastric juices
hydrochoric acid
kills bacteria and absorbs iron
contains pepsin
starts protein digestion
along with lipase
starts the chemical breakdown of fats
connected to rennin
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pharynx
carrier for air and food
carries food/ bolus to esophagus
when bolus is swallowed the epiglottis closes to prevent food from entering to respiratory track
esophagus
muscular tube dorsal (behind) the trachea
carries bolus to stomach
peristalses moves food toward the stomach
constipation
fecal material remaining in the colon too long
feces becomes too hard and dry to eliminate
high fiber diet
more fluids
exercise more often
causes bad bowel habits
large intestine
final section of alimentary canal
about 5ft long
functions
transportation of waste
absorption of vitemines
absorb water
gallbladder
small muscular sac
located under the liver attached by connective tissue
stores and concentrates bile
known as the gastrointestinal system
physical and chemical breakdown for food
contains the alimentary canal and accessory organs
alimentary canal
long muscular tube
begins at mouth and ends at the tongue
small intestine
20 ft long
receives food from stomach in the form of chym
cholecystitis
inflammation of gallbladder
gallstones
bile pigments are produced
gallstones crystallize
these are known as cholecystitis
symptoms
occur frequently after fatty foods, indigestion, pain usually starts below ribs
if ducts are blocked the gallbladder could rupture
DAC
appendices
sometimes acute inflammation
appendices bursting
causes infection
infectious material is spread into body
Treatments
only surgery
cirrhosis
chronic destruction of liver cells :
caused by hepatitis
symptoms
liver enlargement
indigestion
anemia
nasuia and edema
treatment
no alcohol and exercise more
pancreas
fish shaped organ behind the stomach
produces insulin which is secreted into the blood stream
regulates the burning of carbohydrates
liver
largest gland of the body
accessory organ for digestive system
located under the diaphragm and the upper right hand quadrant
functions
secretes bile
produce heparin
stores glucose and sugar
produce cholesterol
ulcers
open sore lining the digestive track
major cause is HELICOBACTER PULORI
stomach juices and acids create ulcers
treatment with antibiotics
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneal cavity
usually when a rupture of intestines leak into the abdominal cavity
treatment
antibiotics
maybe surgery
all depends on the cause
gastroenteritis
inflammation of mucous membrane that lines the stomach
causes are food poisoning and toxins
treatment
rest and increase fliude intake