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Why did Charles lose the Civil War (Life Under Cromwell (England had no…
Why did Charles lose the Civil War
Reasons why he lost
Parliament controlled the South East and London - Wealthier parts.
Lot easier for Parliament to provide...weapons, pay, food + ammunition - they had richer parts of country on their side.
Because Parliament control London, they controlled lot of trade +they had more people they could tax.
Parliament controlled most navy - meant they could stop Charles' attempts to steal troops from Ireland.
Parliament had more money to pay for war.
Parliament learned from their mistakes as war went on.
They created the New Model Army that was more disciplined + stronger than King's troops.
Prince Robert fought for King, sometimes did atrocities (killing woman and children) made Parliament's fans more determined beat king.
Reasons why he lost
Rupert argued with the Marquis of Newcastle in 1644, which lead to King losing an important battle
Rupert thought it too late for battle, sat down + smoked his pipe.
Cromwell (Parliament), had better control of his cavalry than Rupert
His troops relaxed, Parliament attacked - they weren't expecting it.
Majority Irish Catholics, Charles' was using Irish troops - many of the English scared - mainly Protestants.
Parliament got more help off the Scots than Charles did off the Irish.
King underestimated New Model Army @ Naseby - 1645, he attacked bigger, stronger army - resulted losing last field army.
War went on, Parliament gained more support from people because didn't loot (steal) other people food + possessions.
Parliaments troops paid more than the King's troops - they didn't have to loot.
Life Under Cromwell
England had no Monarch - was a Republic + Parliament now more powerful.
The Republic fight Scots just after they fought Irish to protect themselves.
Comwell became known because he won a lot of battles.
Cromwell brutal to Irish - Parliament didn't care - they Catholics.
England took over Ireland and Scotland
English Parliament - not popular - most people didn't want Charles to be executed.
Parliament need protection army - Parliament had collect lot tax - people weren't happy about.
Cromwell + army wanted religious changes - Parliament declined them.
1653, Cromwell rid of Rump Parliament + he made Lord Protector.
Cromwell found hard work with Parliaments + 1655, got rid Parliament + tried rule country through major-generals - this even less popular
1657 - Cromwell got offered crown - declined it, but rules like he King.
Many people scared + thought world been turned on head at ideas of...the Diggers, the Levellers + the Fifth Monarchists
Government strong under Cromwell + won lots battles - many people still preferred King.
Under Cromwell and the Puritans - less leisure pursuits - more focus on religion - one point no Christmas celebrated.
Examples
Ammunition
Musket balls
Gunpowder
Canon balls
Weapons
Pikes
Swords
Canons
Muskets