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INTRODUCTION TO PROTOZOA (Giardia lamblia (HOST-PARASITE INTERACTION…

- - - - 2) Cysts formed and passed out with faeces (infective)
      - 3) Excystation in small intestine
      - 1) Trophozoites located in large intestine where divide by binary fusion
    - - PRE-CYST
        
        rounded form of trophozoite that precedes the cystic stage. no cell wall.
      - CYST
        
        non-motile form protected by cyst wall. infective stage
      - TROPHOZOITE
        
        stage that can ingest food. motile form that capable of invading tissue
      - METACYST
        
        trophozoite that emerge from cyst
    - - observe clinical sign and symptoms
      - finding trophozoites from faeces
      - cultivate trophooites from faeces
      - determine antibodies through serology
    - - Prevalence > 305 in tropical countries
      - Sanitation and hygiene ( contamination via faecal-oral route)
      - Cosmppolitan
    - - invasive/pathogenic
    - - human (main)
    - - fly control
      - sewage disposal
      - food hygiene
      - proper water supply
      - identification and treatment of carriers
    - - attacks mainly large intestine
      - other intestinal organ
      - causal agent for amebiosis / amebiasis/ amebic dysentry
- - - - Trichomoniass
      - sexually transmitted
      - inhabits vagina & cervix of females
      - can inhabit unrinary tract
      - infected male as carrier
      - reproduce by binary fission.
  - - - vaginal discharge, urethral discharge, prostatic fluid in males
      - Observation of trophozoites
      - Specimens collected on cotton swabs thru vaginal speculum
    - - Safe sex
      - Treatment of both female and male sexual partner (nitromidazole)
    - - multiplies in vagina and cause vagina epithelium
- - - - 9-12micrometre: live attached to surface of duodenal cells
    - - small intestine
        
        infective stage