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Elements and Compounds (Elements (Definitions (group of atoms- element…
Elements and Compounds
Compounds
A
compound
is made when atoms from two or more different types of atoms are joined together.
A compound is the substance produced when two or more elements combine in a chemical reaction.
A compound has very different properties to the elements from which it is made.
Properties of metals/ non-metals
Metals
They can be found on the
Periodic Table
. There are 88 elements that are metals.
Malleable
; easily shaped and can withstand movement.
Some are
magnetic
i.e. nickel, cobalt and iron.
Metals are often
shiny
after being polished as there is a strong reflection due to their smooth surfaces.
Metals have strong
particle
bonds.
Due to their strong bonds, metals have high
melting/boiling
points.
Metals are good
conductors
and allow
electricity
to pass through them easily.
Metals make
oxides
when they react with
oxygen
.
Metals make
alloys
when they are combined with other metals.
Metals have
high densities
because there are lots of atoms in a small space.
Metals are
ductile
; they can be stretched into wires but don't break easily due to their flexibility.
Metals are
sonorous
; they make a noise when they are hit.
Non-metals
Non-metals are
dull
and don't reflect light.
Some non-metals can be found on the Periodic Table; 22 to be exact.
Non-metals are not strong because the bonds are mostly strong but the structure is
weak.
Non-metals are
brittle
and their structures are held together by
weak
bonds and shatter easily.
Non-metals oxides are
acidic
because they have a pH below 7.
They have
low densities
because there are not many particles in the space of non-metals.
Non-metals are
not magnetic
.
Non-metals are
poor conductors
and are all
insulators
meaning electricity cannot flow through them.
They react with
oxygen
to make oxides oxides as they burn in oxygen.
Non-metals have low melting and boiling points.
Atoms
An
atom
is the smallest unit that exists. Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.
Elements
Definitions
group of atoms- element (oxygen)
2+ type of atoms- compound (H2O- water)
atom- a tiny particle
There are 100 elements in the Periodic Table.
Elements are pure substances made up of only one atom.
For elements the first letter is always a capital letter and the second letter is always small.
Molecules
A
molecule
is made up of atoms held together by chemical bonds.
Word Equations
Lead reacts with oxygen to form
lead oxide
.