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Mendellian Genetics (Non-Mendallian Inheritance (Incomplete dominance:…

- - - - Ex: there are three common alleles that control the ABO blood type in humans.
        
        Type A blood: Homozygous dominant IAIA or heterozygous dominant IA
        
        Type B blood: homozygous dominant IBIB or heterozygous dominant IBi
        
        Type O blood: homozygous recessive ii
        
        Type AB blood: A and B alleles are codominant (can have a type AB child or a O child if they are both heterozygous (IBi, IAi).
  - - - Ex: genes can help determine adult height but poor nutrition prevents full genetic potential / genes can determine skin color but exposure to ultraviolet radiation can increase amount of pigment and make skin appear darker.
- - - - gametes produced by the female parent are along the side
  - - - What if you found out that two of the four offspring have white flowers? Now you know that the offspring in the second row must have the bb genotype so, the parent with purple flowers must have the genotype Bb.
- - - - monohybrid cross: a hybridization in which only one characteristic is examined
        
        Offspring of this cross is called monohybrids
  - - - there was a repeated demonstration of 3:1 traits
      - Dominant trait: trait that appeared in the F2 75% of the time
      - Recessive trait: trait in the F2 generation 25% of the time
      - seed color: dominant-yellow, recessive-green
      - pod color: dominant-green, recessive-yellow
      - pod shape: dominant-inflated, recessive-restricted
      - stem length: dominant-tall, recessive-short
      - Flower color: dominant-purple, recessive-white
      - flower position on stem: dominant-axial, recessive-terminal
      - seed shape: dominant-round, recessive-wrinkled or angular
- - - - Law of Segregation: states that a pair of alleles is separated, or segregated, during the formation of gametes
        
        In meiosis, homologous chromosomes are randomly separated. and each resulting gamete has an equal probability of receiving either of the two alleles. (each gamete has only one allele for each gene)