Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
MARXIST THEORIES OF IMPERIALISM (Key values (Capitalistic development due…
MARXIST THEORIES OF IMPERIALISM
Historical outline
1500-1800: Mercantile period
slavery
forced/serf labour
imperial expansion
17thC
Rise of Dutch, French, British empires
Production of luxuries and precious metals
Slave plantations, sugar and cotton
Atlantic Triangle
18thC
American and French revolutions--- pol. change
Industrial Revolution: capitalistic production, competition, control of world markets, profits for funds of investments
end of 19thC: Imperialist Stage of Capitalism
Colonies of main empires + scramble for Africa
Trade: advanced capitalist centres exported manufactores, imported raw materials and food
bigger firms and spread of mono;oly
20th:Monopoly Capital
more loans to gov. +direct investments
tensions between great powers but economically more integrated
less area of capitalist system (rise of communism)
more int. investments by major firms and int trade
rise of democratic institutions and service sector
agriculture: modern capital-intensive techniques
clear division MDC/LDC
Historical materialism
relations of production
mode of production
basic structure of social relations, starting point of analysis at particular points of history
pair of opposed classes
conflict leads to social rev, and structural change
capitalistic mode of production:
generalized commodity production
uncoordinated and decentralized
ownership of forces of production
polarization of wealth
Theories of capitalism as a world system
Main thinkers
Marx
basic framework of analysis
Luxembourg
problem of realization: selling products requires markets abroad
competitive pressures lead to expansionism
Hobson
(not marxist)
scramble for Africa + inter-imperialist rivalry= monopoly
underconsumption
Hilferdeg
finance capital
fusing of ind. financial cap into huge groups
groups compete for state support
Bakhann
tendency to world monopoly and formation of finance capital and spread of capitalism
compete for states capitalist trusts
Lenin
Classical Marxist Theory of Imperialism
Imperialism as a stage of development
formation of monopolies on national basis ut competition is global btwn grouping of capital
Baran
capitalism causes stagnation + block development of Third World
Emmannuel
unequal exchanges, labour not mobile (but capital is)
determines price of production
Amin
unequal specialization
Main postures:
CLASSICAL MARXISM
Progressive role of capitalism in developing forces of production
creates material preconditions for socialist society
nature of dominant mode of production determines country dev.
competition-- maximize profit-- reinvest for expansion--innovation
expansion of demand for natural resources and cheap labour
benevolent with other countries
underdevelopment
backwardness, early stage of development
SYSTEMS OF EXPLOITATION
Main theories
Dependecy
Under development
Dependent development
powerful since WWII (Frank and Wallestein)
unit of analysis: world system
Core-periphery models
direct extraction of profit
unequal exchange/ exploitation
monopolistic control over trade
underdevelopment
result of imposition of particular patterns of specialization and exploitation on the periphery, subordinate position
capital accumulation
transfer of resources from the per to core
Key values
Capitalistic development due to:
rise of productivity
inequalities of wealth/power btwn world
imperial expansion
current system of trade based on neocolonialist rules
key questions of Marxism:
What causes divide core-per.?
what mantains it?
key unit: social class (struggles cause political conflict)
World politics driven by economic relations, unjust
Against realism: no national interest
Against liberalism: no harmony of interests
State: effective executive comitee which defends the common affairs of ruling class