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CHAPTER 4 : enzymes (catalysts means speed up (enzymes are LESS active at…
CHAPTER 4 :
enzymes
catalysts means speed up
enzymes are LESS active at low temperatures
high temperatures and extreme changes in PH denature enzymes
Denaturation destroys enzymes activity
enzymes catalyse reversible reactions !!
enzymes --> proteins that function as biological catalysts.
they can alter or speed up chemical reactions
they remain chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction
starch --> maltose (
need amylase
)
starch is a
polysaccharides
maltose is a
disaccharides
enzymes are protein --> amino acids
CHARACTERISTICS OF ENZYMES :
1) speed up chemical reactions "catalysts"
2) remain the same --> chemically unchanged at end of reaction (required in minute / small amount)
3)
specificity --> catalysts reactions at specific substance (due to their 3D structure)
* lock and key hypothesis
FUNCTIONS OF ENZYMES
digest large food molecules Into smaller molecules
break down food substance in cells
build up or synthesis complex substances
break down poisonous substances in cells
mode of action ??
enzymes interact with the substrate according to the lock and key hypothesis
to form an enzyme-substrate complex