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Increasing Educational Opportunities for Women (Narrative Account 1865…
Increasing Educational Opportunities for Women
Key Figures - pre-1865
Hannah Crocker
Emma Hart Willard - opened first higher education school for women in NY State in 1821
Frances Wright - set up a commune in 1825 for education and emancipation of slaves
Catherine Beecher - set up Hartford Female Seminary, 1823, Connetcicut
Mary Lyon - various girls schools, 1830s, Massachusets
Phillis Wheatley, first AA woman to publish poetry 1770s and 80s
Prudence Crandall - educated black and white girls together, 1830s, Connecticut
Key Figures - post-1865
Martha Carey Thomas - president of Bryn Mawr College for women in Pennsylvania
Narrative Account 1865-1992
Significant progress for right to education
before 1865
Post Civil War
(
gilded age
) is slow but continuous development.
1900
recognised education as important factor in creating better work opportunities for women.
Half of all high school graduates were women
Late 19th Century witnessed and expansion of opportunities in
higher education
. However, some still saw education as important for marriage and motherhood.
After 1900,
50%
of
women
graduates delayed marriage to develop a career. Many entered teaching or social work but
law, academia, medicine and theology
were still difficult to enter
As more women were educated, it coincided with
higher divorce rates
. 1880 = 1 in 20 marriage divorces; 1990 = 1 in 12. Frightened separate spherists
Roaring 20s
and the
flapper
(new woman) university entrants grew, as did researchers and gaining higher degrees from masters to doctorate.
Opposition to women using qualifications to enter that field of work
Women who challenged the 'status quo' struggled and didn't help in wider civil rights
The
YWCA
established to broaden women education from different backgrounds
Late 1990s, impact of
radicalism
from
60s and 70s
was enormous. Women were confident and self-aware. Equalled and surpassed educational achievements of men and entered the workplace with
confidence and ambition