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endocrine_diabetic ketoacidosis (history (drowsy/coma, abdominal pain,…
endocrine_diabetic ketoacidosis
history
drowsy/coma
abdominal pain
vomiting
causes
complications
investigations
glucose, ketone, metabolic acidosis
electrolyte, urea/creatinine (dehydration)
ECG (hypokalemia: T wave)
physical examination
Kussmaul breathing (deep and labored, a type of hyperventilation)/sweet acetone breath
dehydration/hypovolemic shock
potassium
pass urine, potassium
potassium
cardiac monitoring
treat underlying causes
infection lead to DKA (antibiotics)
acidosis
x bicarbonate
blood ketone
resuscitation
vomiting/unconscious
nasogastric tube
neurological
shock
urinary catheter
input/output
CVP
electrolyte, urea/creatinine
IV fluid over 48-72 hours
acid-base
insulin
slow insulin infusion, titrate according to blood glucose
blood glucose
diabetes mellitus
type 2
insulin resistance
type 1
insulin deficiency
