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Responses to the Great Depression (Germany (Adolf Hitler Hitler, Nazi Flag…
Responses to the Great Depression
United States
Franklin D. Roosevelt
US Flag
Type of Government
Federal Republic
The Crash of 1929
This event is also known as Black Thursday. This day was when the U.S stock market began its largest crash of all time. This crash started the Great Depression and the stock market did not recover until the 1950's.
American economic contraction.
This is what happened as a result of the Great Depression. All of the businesses in America began to decline. Businesses have to lay off large amounts of people because they are running out of money.
Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
. America was struggling to survive during the Great Depression. Reed Smoot and Willis Hawley created an act that would raise the taxes on imports into the U.S. This upset the Europeans that were also recovering from the war. This helped the Americans because they got more money from the Europeans and they did not have to fight with them.
Social Conditions for Americans
. During the Great Depression the crime rate in America rised rapidly. People thought if they stole and killed they could better provide for their families. Many other people were choosing to do bad things with themselves also. Many people began to kill themselves and rob their neighbors.
Keynesian Economics
. Keynesian Economics was a theory developed by John Maynard Keynes. His advocated for lowering taxes and increasing government involvement in the economy. He said that if the governments did this, they could pull themselves out of the Great Depression.
The New Deal
The New Deal were multiple changes that FDR made to the way the country was being run. These policies were made due to the excessive amount of people out of jobs. The people were complaining because they did not have jobs or money and they wanted the government to do something. FDR created the WPA to give people that did not have jobs a place to work. The Social Security Act of 1935 provided people with pensions and gave them insurance.
SUMMARY
Google Doc
Italy
Benito Mussolini
Fascist Italian Flag
Type of Government
Fascism
Italian Fascism
Italian Fascism was started by Benito Mussolini. He came to power because the Italian government was failing. The king of Italy appointed him prime minister and asked him to form a new government. He had a cabinet to make him look good, but then he got rid of it and used his police to become absolute dictator of Italy
SUMMARY
Google Doc
Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin
USSR Flag
Vladimir Lenin
Socialism/Dictatorship
Boshevik Revolution
The Bolshevik Revolution was a predicted uprising by Vladimir Lenin. Lenin said that the oppressed class would eventually rise up against the capitalists. This revolution happened in 1917. The revolution got rid of the Tsarist government and instead used communism. The working class went to the capital of Russia and killed many officials and took over the capital.
War Communism(
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980/russia-1900-to-1939/war-communism/
)
New Economic Policy (NEP)
The New Economic Policy was made to recover from War Communism. Vladimir Lenin admitted that War Communism was an error. The policy started as a tax of food. The government would tax the farmers a certain amount of food instead of taking all of the excess. The new policy encouraged the farmers to farm as much as possible. It turned into a money tax which still encouraged the farmers to produce excess.
Five Year Plans
The Five Year Plans were a method of planning economic growth over small periods of time. They were implemented by Joseph Stalin. He set in place many quotas that the population of Russia had to meet. Some of the other plans were big pushes of industry and weapon making.
Collectivization
During the beginning of the Age of Socialism, the Russian government was struggling. They began to take all of the crops the farmers produced. The only way the people could get crops and food were to make excess. If the workers did not make excess, they did not eat. This caused a famine in Russia and millions of people died.
[The Great Purge] (
https://www.britannica.com/event/purge-trials
)
SUMMARY
Google Doc
Germany
Adolf Hitler
Nazi Flag
Type of Government
Totalitarian Dictatorship
Nazi Party
Nazi Party
National Socialism
National Socialism was a movement put in place by Hitler to make all of the Germans into Nazis. He wanted all of the Germans to believe him and blame the Jews for their declining economy and losing WWI.
Hitler's Rise to Power
Hitler began his rise to power when he joined the German military. He fought in WWI and he received multiple medals. After the war, he joined the political branch of the military because he was obsessed with politics. He visited the German Workers Party and he liked their policies. He joined their party and became the best speaker of the group. Hitler changed the name of the party to the The National Socialist German Workers' Party or the Nazis. He was appointed Chancellor of Germany because the president was scared of the Nazis and wanted to ally with them. Hitler then took control and became the dictator of Germany.
The Racial State
The Racial State was a book written by the Nazi regime of Germany. The Nazi party wanted to restore classes to Germany, but also restructure the system. It tells of how the government should persecute not only the Jews, but the disabled and the others that do not fit in. The Nazis translated wanted to translate their beliefs into their government style.
Women and Race
Women's social status durong Nazi reign was reduced to sexual relations. All that Hitler wanted the women to do was to keep away from having children with foreign workers. He wanted the German race to remain "pure". Hitler would pay the women in loans and money if they kept themselves clean.
Nazi Eugenics
Nazi Eugenics were a set of beliefs and rules the Nazis had. They made these rules because they said the Arians are the superior race. The Nazis said that the other races are inferior to the Nazis and the Arians should be the only race.
Anti-Semitism
The Nazi Party used anti-Semitism to rally German Nationalism. The Nazis blamed the Jewish people for all of the problems they were having after the war. The Nazis got the German people to do this also and made the war against the Jews.
The Nuremberg Laws
The Nuremberg Laws were set up to stop sexual relations and relationships between Jews and Germans. One law banned all marriages and non-marital intercourse. The second Nuremberg law stated that no women under the age of 45 could work in a Jewish household.
Kristallnacht
Kristallnacht also known as the night of the broken glass was a horrific event that happened in Germany. It was a single night in which the Nazis tried to destroy all of the Jews property. They burned down synagogues, vandalized the Jewish homes and schools, and killed close to 100 people.
SUMMARY
Google Doc
