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Responses to the Great Depression (Italy (Benito Mussolini mussolini,…
Responses to the Great Depression
United States
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Type of government: The United States government was classified as a democracy with elected officials. The government could also be classified as a constitutional republic.
The Crash of 1929
The New Deal
American Economic Contraction: The two major days that contributed to the economic contraction of America are Black Thursday and Black Tuesday. On Black Thursday the stock market crashed due to many stocks being overpriced. On Black Tuesday the rest of the stock holders that were still barely holding on crashed as well.
Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930
Social Conditions for Americans: Homelessness became a common state for Americans during the Great Depression. Many things such as shelter, adequate food, sanitation facilities, drinking water and education were very difficult to obtain. Birthrates and marriage rates fell as it was expensive to due either of those things.
Keynesian Economics
US Flag
Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin
The type of government was a socialist state.
War Communism was a combination of socialist ideals as well as emergency measures. War communism was also seen with food. Quotas were set on products and food as the war was affecting the agricultural and technological advancements. War communism ended up demolishing the economic conditions of the Soviet Union.
Collectivization
Soviet Union Flag
Bolshevik Revolution
New Economic Policy: Lenin decided to move away from war communism as it almost ended the economy. The NEP allowed some new capitalist ventures to occur. The state continued to keep control of the banks, trade, and larger industries. However, small businesses were allowed to reopen for private profit. The peasants were no longer held to the grain quota.
The Great Purge
Five Year plan were ways in which Russia was trying to revamp their economy. The first Five Year plan had the following objectives: the rapid industrialization of Russia, introduction of socialized farming, the elimination of private enterprise, the development of education and transportation. These were all ways in which the Soviet Union was trying to get back on track.
Vladimir Lenin
Italy
Benito Mussolini
Italian Flag
Type of Government: Fascist
The Fascist State of Italy was created from strong nationalism and a desire to expand the territory that Italy claimed. Fascists wanted a new community and dedicated themselves into reviving old nationalistic traditions. Common features of fascist movements seen in Italy include: devotion to a strong leader (Mussolini) and an emphasis on ultra-nationalism. It removed all other political parties (Mussolini later became a dictator). Labor unions were removed and strikes were prohibited. Mussolini stated "the twentieth century will be a century of fascism, the century of Italian power".
Germany
Adolf Hitler
Hitler's Rise to Power
Anti-Semitism
Kristallnacht
German Flag
Nazi Party
Nazi Flag
Nazi Eugenics: Another term for racial hygiene Nazi eugenics was a way to cleanse the population of "lives that were unworthy of life". Prisoners, people with disabilities, homosexuals and the weak were the main targets for this. Some were killed off and others were sterilized without consent to prevent passing these traits on.
Views of women in Germany
Views on race in Germany
National socialism was another way of saying the Nazi party. They believed in strong German nationalism as well as appeal to the masses. It supported a dictatorship while using strong ideas and actions to get their point across.
Nuremberg laws were a series of antisemitic laws. The two laws were named the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor. They prohibited a marriage between a Jewish person and a German. There were also laws that defined who Jewish people were as well as the Reich Citizenship law which determined who were "enemies to a race based state". This included Jews, Black people, and Romani people.
Type of government: fascist
Racial state in Germany viewed anyone how was not of the Aryan race was lesser and should be treated as such. The use of eugenics and extermination shows the overall racism that appear in Nazi views as well as all over Germany.
Germany