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Leadership and Management Styles (Authoritarian (Holds onto as much power…
Leadership and Management Styles
What they're about
The way the functions of leadership are carried out
The way a leader behaves
4 Main Types
Authoritarian
Paternalistics
Democratic
Laissez-faire
Authoritarian
Holds onto as much power as possible
Most power with manager
Communication only top down
Minimal consultation
Rewards & penalties used
Little delegation, comes from 1 person
McGregors X Theory (workers dislike work, avoid it, no ambition, need security, dislikes responsibility)
Paternalistic
Leadership decides what's best
Links with Mayo (addresses employee needs - social needs, workers in teams, managers involved in workers life)
Parent / child relationship
Little delegation
Softer authoritarian type, results in better motivation and lower employee turnover
Explains his reasoning / decision making
Democratic
Power is with the group as a whole
Leadership functions shared with whole group
Employees involved in decision-making (potentially slows process)
Emphasis on delegation and consultation - leader still has final say
Most popular leadership style (effective when used with skilled and free-thinking employees)
Laissez-faire
Means 'leave alone'
Leader with little input on day-to-day decisions
Consciously delegates power
Managers and employees have freedom to do what they want
Poor role definition for managers
Staff need to be willing to take on responsibility and are motivated
Does not mean leaders are failing to do their job
Move away from authoritarian
Change in societies values
Better-educated work
Soft HR skills
Changing workplace organisation
Pressure for greater employee motivation
More workplace legislation