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5.7 (Fractional distillation (Hydrocarbons (Compound only with Carbon and…
5.7
Fractional distillation
Hydrocarbons
Compound only with Carbon and Hydrogen atoms
C2H6= Ethane
NH3 = Ammonia
CH4 = Methane
C3H8 = Propane
C4H10 = Butane
More atoms = more bonds = Higher boiling point
Problems with crude oil
Running out
Contributes to greenhouse gases
Used to produce plastics = bad for landfills
Crude Oil
Contains different compounds - NOT chemically joined together
ALKANES = single bonds + saturated CnH2n+2 ,
ALKENES = double bonds + unsaturated CnH2n
Cracking
A process used to produce more useful fractions after fractional distiliation
The catalyst increases surface area and speeds up reaction
Bromine water LOSES ITS COLOUR if Alkene is present
Distillation
Evaporation and Condensation to separate different substances from a mixture
Methane + oxygen Carbon dioxide + water
