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FPN Revision (Types of Foods/Water (Carbohydrates (Carbohydrates have two…
FPN Revision
Types of Foods/Water
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates have two main functions:
- To give the body energy, as it is the main source.
- To help the body get rid of waste products, provides the body with fibre.
Monosaccharides are single bond sugars, such as:
Glucose - Ripe fruit and vegetables.
Fructose - Fruit and vegetables.
Galactose - Milk.
Disaccharides are double bond sugars, such as:
Maltose - Cereals.
Sucrose - Sugar beet.
Lactose - Dairy.
Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates which have more than 3 bonds, such as:
Starch.
Pectin.
Dextrin.
NSP - None starch polysaccharides.
Effects of a carbohydrate deficiency in the diet...
Lack of Energy - The level of glucose is low.
Weight Loss - Starting to burn of the body's fat.
Severe Weakness - Not enough energy is available, it is going to vital organs.
Effects of a carbohydrate excess in the diet...
Start to become overweight or obese.
Tooth decay.
Type 2 diabetes.
50% of our daily intake should be made up of carbohydrate.
4-6 year olds should only be consuming 4tsp of sugar maximum.
7-10 year olds should only be consuming 5tsp of sugar maximum.
11+ year olds should only be consuming 6tsp of sugar maximum.
Proteins
Protein is a macronutrient that is needed by all animals, including humans. They are made up of building blocks called amino acids.
Some amino acids cannot be made by the body, therefore they must come from protein foods in the diet. These are called essential amino acids. There are 8 essential amino acids that are needed in the body of adults and two more needed by growing children.
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Food Processes
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Dextrinisation
When foods containing starch such as bread/cakes/scones/pastries/biscuits are cooked by dry heat they develop a brown colour on the outside.
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