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Digestive System (Disease and Abnormal Conditions (Cholecytisis…
Digestive System
Disease and Abnormal Conditions
Appendicitis
acute inflammation of the appendix
Signs/symptoms
abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, mild fever, increase in white blood cells
treatment
Surgery
Cholecytisis
inflammation of the gallbladder
gallstones form from crystallized cholesterol bile salts and bile pigments
Symptoms/Signs
occurs frequently after eating fatty foods, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain
treatment is surgery
Cirrhosis
Destruction of liver cells caused by hepatitis, bile ducts disease, chemical toxins, malnutrition, alcoholism
symptoms
Treatment
avoid alcohol, vitamins, diuretics, rest, infection prevention, exercise
liver enlargement, anemia, indigestion, nausea, edema, jaundice
Constipation
fecal matter remaining in the colon too long
Fecal becomes too hard and dry and difficult to eliminate, caused by poor bowel habits, diet low in fiber, certain digestive diseases
treatment is high in fiber diet, increase fluids, exercise
Diarrhea
frequent watery stools
Caused by infections, stress, diet, irritated colon, toxic substances
Treatment is directed toward eliminating the cause, replacing lost fluid, and modifying the diet
chemical breakdown of food for use by the body
alimentary canal
Mouth/Buccal/oral cavity
Pharynx/throat
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestines
Large intestine
5 feet long, 2 inches in diameter
Functions
1 more item...
Liver
1 more item...
20 feet long, 1 inch in diameter, receives food from stomach in form of chyme
functions of small intestine
duodenum
jejunum
2 more items...
8 feet long
9-10 inches, bile from gallbladder and liver and pancreatic juice enter this section
Villi
small intestines are lined with this
receives food from the esophagus, food remains for 1-4 hours
Gastric juices
Hydrochloric acid
Pepsin
Lipase
2 more items...
starts chemical break down of fats
starts protein digestion
kills bacteria, helps absorb iron and activates pepsin
muscular tube behind the trachea, carries bolus to the stomach
carrier for air and food, carries food bolus to esophagus
food is tasted and broken down physically by teeth and partially digested by saliva
teeth physically break down food by chewing and grinding
tongue is a muscular organ that contains special receptors called taste buds
long muscular tube that begins at the mouth and ends at the anus
Diverticulitis
inflammation of the diverticula
symptoms include- abdominal pain, irregular bowel movements, constipation or diarrhea, abdominal distention
treatment includes antibiotics, stool softening medications, pain medications, high fiber diet, severe cases, surgerey
Gastroenteritis
inflammation of the muscosal membrane that lines the stomach
Symptoms: abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea
rest and increase fluid intake to treat
SYDNEE DEMSKE
