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Mendelian Genetics (Theory of Heredity (Dominate allele - Allele that is…
Mendelian Genetics
Theory of Heredity
Dominate allele - Allele that is always expressed
Recessive Allele - Allele that is not expressed
blending theory of inheritance - states that there are different versions of genes
meiosis - cell division in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half
gametes - Sex cell (egg/sperm)
zygote - Copy of genes that either become different or the same
law of independent assortment - states that factors controlling different characteristics are inherited independently of each other
Mendel's 1st Set of Experiments
P Generation - Parents that produce the offspring
F1 Generation - The hybrid offspring from P Generation
F2 Generation - The hybrid offspring from F1 Generation
Monohybrid cross - hybridization in which only one characteristic is examined
law of segregation - Law that states that two factors determine characteristics one of which dominates the other
Punnett Squares
Genotype - Genetic code of an individual
Phenotype - Genetic composition that is physical (eyes)
homozygous - two copies of a gene are the same
heterozygous - two copies of a gene that are different
Mendel's 2nd Set of Experiments
Di-hybrid cross - result of combing a dominate characteristic and a recessive characteristic.
Non-Mendellian Inheritance
codominance - both alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype of the heterozygote
incomplete dominance - phenotype of the offspring is somewhere in between the phenotypes of both parents
multiple alleles - when there are more than two allelesin genes (ABO blood type)
environmental effects - environment effects (like the sun) that affect our characteristics (like skin color)
polygenetic traits - controlled by more than one gene and have two or more alleles